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a hard knock

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1 hard knock

1) Общая лексика: сильный удар

2) Разговорное выражение: напасть, несчастье

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > hard knock
2 (a) hard knock

a hard (thundering, nasty) knock сильный/тяжёлый (громоподобный, неприятный) удар

English-Russian combinatory dictionary > (a) hard knock
3 a hard knock

pukulan keras

English-Indonesian dictionary > a hard knock
4 knock

knock [nɒk]

coup ⇒ 1 (a)-(c) critique ⇒ 1 (d) cognement ⇒ 1 (e) heurter ⇒ 2 (b), 3 (b) cogner ⇒ 2 (b), 3 (b), 3 (c) éreinter ⇒ 2 (c) frapper ⇒ 3 (a)

1 noun

(a) (blow) coup m;

∎ give it a knock with a hammer donne un coup de marteau dessus;

∎ there was a knock at the door/window on a frappé à la porte/fenêtre;

∎ she gave three knocks on the door elle a frappé trois fois ou coups à la porte;

∎ to hear a knock entendre frapper;

∎ no one answered my knock personne n'a répondu quand j'ai frappé;

∎ knock! knock! toc! toc!;

∎ can you give me a knock tomorrow morning? est-ce que vous pouvez (venir) frapper à ma porte demain matin pour me réveiller?

(b) (bump) coup m;

∎ to give sb a knock on the head porter à qn un coup à la tête;

∎ I got a nasty knock on the elbow (in fight, accident) j'ai reçu un sacré coup au coude; (by one's own clumsiness) je me suis bien cogné le coude;

∎ the car's had a few knocks, but nothing serious la voiture est un peu cabossée mais rien de grave

(c) (setback) coup m;

∎ his reputation has taken a hard knock sa réputation en a pris un sérieux coup;

∎ I've taken a few knocks in my time j'ai encaissé des coups moi aussi

(d) familiar (criticism) critique^□ f;

∎ she's taken a few knocks from the press la presse n'a pas toujours été très tendre avec elle

(e) Cars (in engine) cognement m

2 transitive verb

(a) (hit)

∎ to knock a nail in enfoncer un clou;

∎ she knocked a nail into the wall elle a planté un clou dans le mur;

∎ she knocked a hole in the wall elle a fait un trou dans le mur;

∎ he was knocked into the ditch il a été projeté dans le fossé;

∎ the boy was knocking the ball against the wall le garçon lançait ou envoyait la balle contre le mur;

∎ the force of the explosion knocked us to the floor la force de l'explosion nous a projetés à terre;

∎ familiar to knock sb unconscious or cold assommer qn;

∎ the boom knocked him off balance la bôme, en le heurtant, l'a déséquilibré ou lui a fait perdre l'équilibre;

∎ figurative the news knocked me off balance la nouvelle m'a sidéré ou coupé le souffle

(b) (bump) heurter, cogner;

∎ I knocked my head on or against the low ceiling je me suis cogné la tête contre le ou au plafond

(c) familiar (criticize → author, film) éreinter; (→ driving, cooking) critiquer^□ ;

∎ knocking your colleagues isn't going to help ce n'est pas en débinant vos collègues ou en cassant du sucre sur le dos de vos collègues que vous changerez quoi que ce soit;

∎ they're always knocking the trade unions ils n'arrêtent pas de taper sur les syndicats;

∎ don't knock it till you've tried it! n'en dis pas de mal avant d'avoir essayé^□

(d) British very familiar (have sex with) se faire, se taper

(e) (idioms)

∎ to knock holes in a plan/an argument démolir un projet/un argument;

∎ maybe it will knock some sense into him cela lui mettra peut-être du plomb dans la cervelle, cela le ramènera peut-être à la raison;

∎ the army soon knocked his enthusiasm out of him l'armée a eu tôt fait de tuer en lui toute trace d'enthousiasme;

∎ to knock sb into shape mettre qn au pas;

∎ British familiar to knock sth on the head (put a stop to) faire cesser qch^□ ;

∎ British familiar our plans have been knocked on the head nos projets sont tombés à l'eau;

∎ British familiar knock it on the head, will you! c'est pas bientôt fini?;

∎ British familiar he can knock spots off me at chess/tennis il me bat à plate couture aux échecs/au tennis;

∎ American familiar it really knocked me for a loop ça m'a vraiment scié;

∎ to knock sb dead (impress) en mettre plein la vue à qn;

∎ Texas knocked them dead last night hier soir, Texas a fait un tabac

3 intransitive verb

(a) (hit) frapper;

∎ to knock on or at the door frapper (à la porte);

∎ she came in without knocking elle est entrée sans frapper;

∎ they knock on the wall when we're too noisy ils tapent ou cognent contre le mur quand on fait trop de bruit;

∎ it was a branch knocking against the window c'était une branche qui cognait contre la fenêtre

(b) (bump)

∎ to knock against or into heurter, cogner;

∎ she knocked into the desk elle s'est heurtée ou cognée contre le bureau;

∎ my elbow knocked against the door frame je me suis cogné ou heurté le coude contre le chambranle de la porte

(c) (make sound) cogner;

∎ my heart was knocking je sentais mon cœur cogner dans ma poitrine, j'avais le cœur qui cognait;

∎ the car engine is knocking le moteur cogne;

∎ humorous his knees were knocking ses genoux jouaient des castagnettes;

∎ the pipes knock when you run the taps les tuyaux cognent quand on ouvre les robinets

➲ knock about, knock around

1 intransitive verb

familiar (loiter) traîner;

∎ Vicky must be knocking about here somewhere Vicky doit traîner quelque part dans le coin;

∎ I knocked about in Australia for a while j'ai bourlingué ou roulé ma bosse en Australie pendant quelque temps;

∎ British are my fags knocking about? est-ce que mes clopes sont dans le coin?;

∎ that's what I wear to knock about in ce sont mes vêtements d'intérieur^□

2 inseparable transitive verb

familiar traîner dans;

∎ I knocked about town all day j'ai traîné en ville toute la journée;

∎ she spent a year knocking about Europe elle a passé une année à se balader en Europe;

∎ these clothes are OK for knocking about the house in ces vêtements, ça va pour traîner à la maison;

∎ your keys are knocking about the kitchen somewhere tes clés traînent dans un coin de la cuisine

3 separable transitive verb

(a) (beat) battre; (ill-treat) malmener;

∎ he used to knock his wife about a lot il tapait sur ou il battait sa femme;

∎ the old car's been knocked about a bit la vieille voiture a pris quelques coups ici et là;

∎ the furniture has been badly knocked about les meubles ont été fort maltraités

(b) (jolt, shake) ballotter;

∎ we were really knocked about in the back of the truck nous étions ballottés à l'arrière du camion

(c) familiar (discuss) débattre^□ ;

∎ we knocked the idea about for a while nous en avons vaguement discuté pendant un certain temps

➲ knock about with, knock around with inseparable transitive verb

familiar fréquenter^□ ;

∎ they knocked about together at school ils se fréquentaient à l'école

➲ knock back separable transitive verb familiar

(a) (drink) descendre;

∎ she could knock back ten vodkas in an hour elle pouvait s'envoyer dix vodkas en une heure;

∎ he certainly knocks it back! qu'est-ce qu'il descend!

(b) (cost) coûter à^□ ;

∎ that car must have knocked him back a few thousand pounds cette voiture a bien dû lui coûter quelques milliers de livres

(c) (surprise, shock) secouer, bouleverser;

∎ the news really knocked me back la nouvelle m'a vraiment abasourdi ou m'a laissé pantois

(d) British (reject)

∎ to knock sb back rejeter qn^□ ;

∎ to knock sth back (offer, invitation) refuser qch^□ ;

∎ she knocked him back il s'est pris une veste

➲ knock down separable transitive verb

(a) (person) renverser; (in fight) envoyer par terre, étendre;

∎ she was knocked down by a bus elle a été renversée par un bus;

∎ he knocked the champion down in the first round il a envoyé le champion au tapis ou il a mis le champion knock-down dans la première reprise

(b) (hurdle, vase, pile of books) faire tomber, renverser

(c) (demolish → building) démolir; (→ wall) démolir, abattre; (→ argument) démolir

(d) (price) baisser; (salesman) faire baisser;

∎ I managed to knock him down to $500 j'ai réussi à le faire baisser jusqu'à 500 dollars

(e) British (at auction) adjuger;

∎ it was knocked down to her for £300 on le lui a adjugé pour 300 livres

➲ knock off

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (from shelf, wall etc) faire tomber;

∎ the statue's arm had been knocked off la statue avait perdu un bras;

∎ he knocked the earth off the spade il fit tomber la terre qui était restée collée à la bêche;

∎ he was knocked off his bicycle by a car il s'est fait renverser à vélo par une voiture;

∎ figurative to knock sb off their pedestal or perch faire tomber qn de son piédestal;

∎ familiar to knock sb's block off casser la figure à qn

(b) (reduce by) faire une réduction de;

∎ the salesman knocked 10 percent off (for us) le vendeur nous a fait un rabais ou une remise de 10 pour cent;

∎ I managed to get something knocked off the price j'ai réussi à faire baisser un peu le prix

(c) familiar (write rapidly) torcher;

∎ she can knock off an article in half an hour elle peut pondre un article en une demi-heure

(d) very familiar (kill) descendre, buter

(e) British very familiar (steal) piquer, faucher; (rob) braquer;

∎ they knocked off a bank ils ont braqué une banque

(f) British vulgar (have sex with) baiser

(g) familiar (idiom)

∎ knock it off! (stop it) arrête ton char!

2 intransitive verb

familiar (stop work) cesser le travail^□ ;

∎ we knock off at five o'clock on finit à cinq heures

➲ knock on

1 separable transitive verb

∎ (in rugby) to knock the ball on faire un en-avant

2 inseparable transitive verb

British familiar

∎ he's knocking on sixty il va sur la soixantaine;

∎ there were knocking on fifty people in the hall il n'y avait pas loin de cinquante personnes dans la salle

3 intransitive verb

(a) (in rugby) faire un en-avant

(b) British familiar (age)

∎ my dad's knocking on a bit now mon père commence à prendre de la bouteille

➲ knock out separable transitive verb

(a) (nail) faire sortir; (wall) abattre;

∎ one of his teeth was knocked out il a perdu une dent

(b) (make unconscious) assommer; (in boxing) mettre K-O; familiar (of drug, pill) assommer^□, mettre K-O;

∎ familiar the sleeping pill knocked her out for ten hours le somnifère l'a assommée ou mise K-O pendant dix heures

(c) familiar (astound) épater;

∎ her performance really knocked me out! son interprétation m'a vraiment épaté!

(d) (eliminate) éliminer;

∎ our team was knocked out in the first round notre équipe a été éliminée au premier tour

(e) (put out of action) mettre hors service;

∎ it can knock out a tank at 2,000 metres cela peut mettre un tank hors de combat à 2000 mètres

(f) familiar (exhaust) crever;

∎ I'm not going to knock myself out working for him je ne vais pas m'esquinter à travailler pour lui

(g) American familiar

∎ to knock oneself out (indulge oneself) se faire plaisir^□ ;

∎ there's plenty of food left, knock yourself out! il reste plein de nourriture, sers-toi autant que tu veux!^□

(h) (pipe) débourrer

➲ knock over separable transitive verb

(a) (capsize) renverser, faire tomber;

∎ I knocked a pile of plates over j'ai renversé ou fait tomber une pile d'assiettes;

∎ she was knocked over by a bus elle a été renversée par un bus

(b) American familiar (rob) braquer

➲ knock together

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (hit together) cogner l'un contre l'autre;

∎ they make music by knocking bamboo sticks together ils font de la musique en frappant des bambous l'un contre l'autre;

∎ familiar they need their heads knocking together, those two ces deux-là auraient bien besoin qu'on leur secoue les puces

(b) familiar (make quickly) faire à la hâte^□ ;

∎ we knocked together a rough shelter on s'est fabriqué une espèce d'abri^□

2 intransitive verb

s'entrechoquer

➲ knock up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) familiar (make quickly) faire à la hâte^□ ;

∎ these buildings were knocked up after the war ces bâtiments ont été construits à la hâte après la guerre;

∎ he knocked up a delicious meal in no time en un rien de temps, il a réussi à nous préparer quelque chose de délicieux^□

(b) British (waken) réveiller (en frappant à la porte)

(c) British familiar (exhaust) crever; (make ill) rendre malade^□ ;

∎ that walk yesterday really knocked me up la promenade d'hier m'a complètement crevé;

∎ he's knocked up with the flu il a chopé la grippe

(d) American familiar (damage) esquinter;

∎ the furniture is pretty knocked up les meubles sont plutôt esquintés ou amochés

(e) very familiar (make pregnant) mettre en cloque;

∎ she got knocked up elle s'est fait mettre en cloque

(f) (in cricket) marquer;

∎ he knocked up 50 runs before rain stopped play il a marqué 50 points avant que la pluie n'interrompe la partie

2 intransitive verb

British (in ball games) faire des balles

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > knock
5 knock

I [nɔk] n
1) стук, шум

There was came a knock at the door. — В дверь постучали.

They never open the door at the first knock. — По первому стуку здесь (дверь) не открывают.

What's that knock I can here? — Что это стучит (в моторе)?

It was only a runaway knock. — Оказалось, что в дверь постучали и тут же убежали.

No one answered my knock. — Я постучал, но дверь не открыли.

- heavy knock
- engine knock
- knock on the door
- give a knock
- give smth a knock
2) удар

That was a good knock. — Это была хорошая подача.

In football you have to get used to hard knocks. — Если играешь в футбол, надо привыкнуть к жестким столкновениям.

He's taken some hard/quite a few knocks in his life. — Жизнь его изрядно потрепала. /Ему пришлось испытать разные превратности судьбы. /Ему прищлось испытать не один удар.

She took a bad knock when her husband died. — Смерть мужа была для нее тяжелым ударом. /Она тяжело перенесла смерть мужа

- hard knock
- heavy a knock on the head
- take the knock
- got the knock II [nɔk] v
1) стучать, стучаться, колотить, барабанить, бить

We have knocked double-knocks at the street-door. — Мы дважды постучали во входную дверь.

- knock sharply
- knock to pieces
- knock at the door

- engine is knocking

2) ударять, ударить

- knock smb on the head
- knock one's head on the wall
- knock the stick out of smb's hand
- knock on the table

English-Russian combinatory dictionary > knock
6 hard

1. adjective
1) hart; stark, heftig [Regen]; gesichert [Beweis, Zahlen, Daten, Information]

drive a hard bargain — hart verhandeln

2) (difficult) schwer; schwierig

this is hard to believe — das ist kaum zu glauben

it is hard to do something — es ist schwer, etwas zu tun

make it hard for somebody [to do something] — es jemandem schwer machen[, etwas zu tun]

[choose to] go about/do something the hard way — es sich (Dat.) bei etwas unnötig schwer machen

learn something the hard way — etwas durch schlechte Erfahrungen lernen

be hard of hearing — schwerhörig sein

be hard going — [Buch:] sich schwer lesen; [Arbeit:] anstrengend sein

play hard to get — (coll.) so tun, als sei man nicht interessiert

have a hard time doing something — Schwierigkeiten haben, etwas zu tun

it's a hard life — (joc.) das Leben ist schwer

it is [a bit] hard on him — es ist [schon] schlimm für ihn

hard luck — (coll.) Pech

3) (strenu-ous) hart; beschwerlich [Reise]; leidenschaftlich [Spieler]

be a hard drinker — viel trinken

try one's hardest to do something — sich nach Kräften bemühen, etwas zu tun

4) (vigorous) heftig [Angriff, Schlag]; kräftig [Schlag, Stoß, Tritt]; (severe) streng [Winter]

5) (unfeeling) hart

be hard [up]on somebody — streng mit jemandem sein

take a hard line [with somebody on something] — [in Bezug auf etwas (Akk.)] eine harte Linie [gegenüber jemandem] vertreten
2. adverb
1) (strenuously) hart [arbeiten, trainieren]; fleißig [lernen, studieren, üben]; genau [überlegen, beobachten]; scharf [nachdenken]; gut [aufpassen, zuhören, sich festhalten]

concentrate hard/harder — sich sehr/mehr konzentrieren

try hard — sich sehr bemühen

be hard at work on something — an etwas (Dat.) intensiv od. konzentriert arbeiten

be hard at it — schwer arbeiten

2) (vigorously) heftig; fest [schlagen, drücken, klopfen]

3) (severely, drastically) hart; streng [zensieren]

cut back hard on something — etwas drastisch einschränken

be hard up — knapp bei Kasse sein (ugs.)

4)

be hard put to it [to do something] — große Schwierigkeiten haben[, etwas zu tun]

5) hart [kochen]; fest [gefrieren [lassen]]

set hard — fest werden

* * *
1. adjective
1) (firm; solid; not easy to break, scratch etc: The ground is too hard to dig.) hart

2) (not easy to do, learn, solve etc: Is English a hard language to learn?; He is a hard man to please.) schwer, schwierig

3) (not feeling or showing kindness: a hard master.) hart

4) ((of weather) severe: a hard winter.) streng

5) (having or causing suffering: a hard life; hard times.) hart

6) ((of water) containing many chemical salts and so not easily forming bubbles when soap is added: The water is hard in this part of the country.) hart
2. adverb
1) (with great effort: He works very hard; Think hard.) hart

2) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) stark

3) (with great attention: He stared hard at the man.) anstarren

4) (to the full extent; completely: The car turned hard right.) sehr

•

- academic.ru/33648/harden">harden
- hardness
- hardship
- hard-and-fast
- hard-back
- hard-boiled
- harddisk
- hard-earned
- hard-headed
- hard-hearted
- hardware
- hard-wearing
- be hard on
- hard at it
- hard done by
- hard lines/luck
- hard of hearing
- a hard time of it
- a hard time
- hard up
* * *

hard

[hɑ:d, AM hɑ:rd]

I. adj

1. (solid) hart

\hard cash Bargeld nt

\hard cheese Hartkäse m

\hard currency harte Währung

[as] \hard as iron [or a rock] [or stone] steinhart

2. (tough) person zäh, hart

he's a \hard one er ist ein ganz Harter

to be \hard enough to do sth das Zeug dazu haben, etw zu tun fam

3. (difficult) schwierig

she had a \hard time [of it] es war eine schwere Zeit für sie

it's \hard being a widow es ist nicht einfach, Witwe zu sein

if she won't listen, she'll have to learn the \hard way wer nicht hören will, muss fühlen

to be \hard to come by schwierig aufzutreiben sein

to do sth the \hard way sich dat etw schwermachen

to find sth \hard to believe [or swallow] etw kaum glauben können

to get \hard [or \harder] schwer [o schwerer] werden

it's \hard to say es ist schwer zu sagen

4. (laborious) anstrengend, mühevoll

the mountain there is a \hard climb der Berg dort ist schwer zu besteigen

a \hard fight ein harter Kampf a. fig

to give sth a \hard push etw kräftig anschieben

to be \hard work harte Arbeit sein; studies anstrengend [o schwer] sein; text schwer zu lesen sein, sich akk schwer lesen

to be a \hard worker fleißig sein

5. (severe) hart, unnachgiebig; voice schroff, barsch

she's finding the bad news \hard to take es fällt ihr schwer, die schlechte Nachricht zu verkraften

a \hard blow ein harter Schlag

a \hard heart ein hartes Herz

a \hard life ein hartes Leben

\hard luck [or esp BRIT lines]! ( fam)

\hard cheese! BRIT ( fam) [so ein fam] Pech!

that's your \hard luck! ( fam) das ist dein Pech! fam

to be [as] \hard as nails knallhart [o ein knallharter Typ] sein fam

a \hard taskmaster ein strenger Arbeitgeber

to give sb a \hard time jdm das Leben schwermachen

▪ to be \hard on sb/sth mit jdm/etw hart ins Gericht gehen

6. (harmful)

▪ to be \hard on sth etw stark strapazieren

I'm very \hard on shoes ich habe einen extrem hohen Schuhverschleiß

to be \hard on the eyes monitor die Augen überanstrengen

7. (unfortunate) hart

▪ to be \hard on sb hart für jdn sein

to go \hard with sb ( dated) jdm nur Nachteile bringen, jdm zum Nachteil gereichen geh

8. (extreme) hart

\hard frost/winter strenger Frost/Winter

the \hard left/right esp BRIT POL die harte Linke/Rechte

a \hard light ein grelles Licht

to take a \hard line eine harte Linie verfolgen

9. (reliable) sicher, fest

\hard facts (verified) gesicherte Fakten; (blunt) nackte Tatsachen

10. (potent) stark

\hard drinks/drugs harte Getränke/Drogen

a \hard drinker ein starker Trinker/eine starke Trinkerin

\hard drinking starker Alkoholkonsum

to be into [or to do] \hard drugs harte Drogen nehmen

11. (with lime)

\hard water hartes Wasser

12. (scrutinizing)

to take a [good] \hard look at sth sich dat etw genau ansehen, etw gründlich betrachten

13. TYPO

\hard copy (printout) Ausdruck m; (duplicate) Kopie f; (printed copy) Abzug m

14. LING

\hard consonant harter Konsonant

15. NUCL

\hard radiation harte Strahlung fachspr, Hartstrahlung f fachspr

16.

▶ to be \hard at it ganz bei der Sache sein

▶ to drive a \hard bargain knallhart verhandeln [o usu pej feilschen] fam

▶ \hard and fast information, facts zuverlässig; rule verbindlich

▶ to be \hard on sb's heels jdm dicht auf den Fersen sein

II. adv

1. (solid) hart

boiled \hard hart gekocht

frozen \hard liquid hart gefroren; clothing, plants steif gefroren

to set \hard glue, varnish hart werden, aushärten fachspr; concrete, mortar fest werden, abbinden fachspr

2. (vigorously) fest[e], kräftig

think \hard! denk mal genau nach!

to not do sth very \hard etw nicht sehr gründlich tun

to exercise \hard hart trainieren

to fight \hard [for sth] ( fig) [um etw akk] hart kämpfen

to play \hard (intensely) ausgiebig spielen; (roughly) hart spielen

to press/pull \hard kräftig drücken/ziehen

to study \hard fleißig lernen

to try \hard to do sth sich akk sehr bemühen [o fam ranhalten], etw zu tun

to work \hard hart arbeiten

3. (severely) schwer

his parents took the news of his death \hard seine Eltern traf die Nachricht von seinem Tod schwer

to be \hard pressed [or pushed] [or put] to do sth große [o die größte] Mühe haben, etw zu tun

4. (closely) knapp

\hard by in nächster Nähe

\hard by sb/sth ganz in der Nähe einer Person/einer S. gen, ganz nahe von jdm/etw geh

to follow \hard [up]on [or after] [or behind] sb/sth jdm/etw knapp folgen, jdm/etw dicht auf den Fersen sein

5. (copiously)

it was raining \hard es regnete stark

6. ( fig: stubbornly)

to die \hard [nur] langsam sterben

the old idea of state ownership of all firms dies \hard die alte Vorstellung von einer Verstaatlichung aller Firmen stirbt einfach nicht aus

7.

▶ to be \hard done by BRIT unfair behandelt werden

▶ old habits die \hard ( saying) der Mensch ist ein Gewohnheitstier

* * *
[hAːd]
1. adj (+er)

1) (= not soft) hart

as hard as rocks or iron — steinhart

the ground was baked hard — der Boden war völlig ausgedörrt

2) (= difficult) schwer, schwierig

this is hard to do, it is hard to do — es ist schwer, das zu tun

stories that are hard to understand — Geschichten, die schwer verständlich sind

that is a very hard question to answer — diese Frage lässt sich nur schwer beantworten

their prices are hard to beat — ihre Preise sind kaum zu unterbieten

she is hard to please — man kann ihr kaum etwas recht machen

it's hard to tell — es lässt sich schwer sagen, es ist schwer zu sagen

it was hard to believe — es war kaum zu glauben

I find it hard to believe — ich kann es kaum glauben

she found it hard to make friends — es fiel ihr schwer, Freunde zu finden

to do sth the hard way — etw auf die schwere Art machen

I don't see the point in doing it the hard way — warum soll man es sich schwer machen?

to play hard to get — so tun, als sei man nicht interessiert

3) (= strenuous, demanding) work, day, week hart, anstrengend

he leaves all the hard work to me — die ganze Schwerarbeit überlässt er mir

it was very hard work in the shop — die Arbeit in dem Geschäft war sehr anstrengend

he's hard work (inf) — er ist ziemlich anstrengend (inf)

getting on with him is hard work (inf) it was hard work for me not to swear at him — es gehört schon etwas dazu, mit ihm auszukommen (inf) es hat mich große Mühe gekostet, ihn nicht zu beschimpfen

a hard worker — ein fleißiger Arbeiter

to be a hard worker — sehr fleißig sein

it was hard going — man kam nur mühsam voran

learning Japanese is hard going — Japanisch zu lernen ist sehr schwierig

this novel is hard going — durch diesen Roman muss man sich mühsam durchbeißen

chatting her up is hard going (inf) — es ist gar nicht so einfach, sie anzumachen (inf)

4) (= forceful) pull, tug, kick kräftig; blow, punch heftig

to give sb/sth a hard push — jdm/etw einen harten Stoß versetzen

to give sth a hard pull or tug — kräftig an etw (dat) ziehen

it was a hard blow or knock ( for or to them) (fig) — es war ein schwerer Schlag (für sie)

to take a hard knock (fig) —

he took a hard knock (fig) — er musste einen schweren Schlag einstecken

5) (= severe, tough) person, look, eyes, smile, voice, life hart; winter, frost streng, hart

the job's a bit hard on the nerves — die Arbeit ist ziemlich nervenaufreibend

don't be so hard on the children — sei nicht so streng mit den Kindern

to have a hard time — es schwer or nicht leicht haben

I had a hard time finding a job — ich hatte Schwierigkeiten, eine Stelle zu finden

he had a hard time of it — er hat es nicht leicht gehabt; (in negotiations, boxing match etc) es hat ihn einen harten Kampf gekostet; (with illness, operation etc) es war eine schwere Zeit für ihn

to give sb a hard time — jdm das Leben schwer machen

hard times — schwere Zeiten pl

to fall on hard times — in finanzielle Schwierigkeiten geraten

there are no hard feelings between them — sie sind einander nicht böse

no hard feelings? — nimm es mir nicht übel

to be as hard as nails — knallhart sein (inf)

See:

→ also nut

6) (= harsh) light grell; sound hart

7) (= real, unquestionable) facts, information gesichert

hard evidence — sichere Beweise pl

8)

See:

→ hard hyphen, hard return

2. adv

1) (= with effort) work hart, schwer; run, drive sehr schnell; breathe schwer; study, play eifrig; (= carefully) listen, look genau, gut; think scharf, angestrengt; (= strongly, forcefully) push, pull kräftig, fest; laugh, scream, cry, beg sehr; rain, snow stark; blow kräftig

since 7 this morning — ich bin seit heute Morgen um 7 schwer am Werk or schwer dabei (inf)

she works hard at keeping herself fit — sie gibt sich viel Mühe, sich fit zu halten

to try hard — sich wirklich Mühe geben

no matter how hard I try... — wie sehr ich mich auch anstrenge,...

if you try hard you can do it — wenn du dich richtig bemühst or anstrengst, kannst du es tun

you're not trying hard enough — du strengst dich nicht genügend an

he tried as hard as he could — er hat sein Bestes getan or sich nach Kräften bemüht

he listened hard (straining to hear) —

you're not thinking hard enough — du denkst nicht angestrengt genug nach

think harder — denk mal ein bisschen besser nach

she slammed the door hard behind us — sie knallte die Tür fest hinter uns zu

it was freezing hard — es herrschte strenger Frost

2)

(= severely) to be hard pushed or put to do sth — es sehr schwer finden, etw zu tun

to clamp down hard —

it'll go hard for or with him if... (= it will cost him dear) — er wird Schwierigkeiten bekommen, wenn... es kann ihn teuer zu stehen kommen, wenn...

to be hard done by — übel dran sein

he reckons he's hard done by having to work on Saturdays — er findet es ungerecht, dass er samstags arbeiten muss

they are hard hit by the cuts — sie sind von den Kürzungen schwer getroffen

she took it very hard — es traf sie sehr or schwer, es ging ihr sehr nahe

See:

→ also hard-pressed

3)

(= as far as possible) hard right/left — scharf rechts/links

to turn/go hard round — eine scharfe Kehrtwendung machen

bear hard round to your left —

to lock hard over hard a-port/a-starboard/astern etc (Naut) — voll einschlagen hart backbord/steuerbord/nach achtern etc

4)

(= close) to follow hard behind/upon sth — unmittelbar auf etw (acc) folgen

my sister was hard behind me — meine Schwester war direkt hinter mir

following hard upon the opening of the new cinema —

hard by (sth) (dated) — ganz in der Nähe (von etw)

See:

→ also heel

* * *

hard [hɑː(r)d]

A adj

1. allg hart: → cheese¹

2. fest (Knoten)

3. schwer, schwierig:

a) mühsam, anstrengend:

hard work harte Arbeit;

it is quite hard work es ist ganz schön anstrengend ( doing zu tun);

hard to believe kaum zu glauben;

hard to please schwer zufriedenzustellen;

he is hard to please man kann es ihm nur schwer recht machen, er ist sehr anspruchsvoll;

hard to imagine schwer vorstellbar;

it is hard for me to accept this thesis es fällt mir schwer, diese These zu akzeptieren;

he made it hard for me to believe him er machte es mir schwer, ihm zu glauben; → graft² A 1, way¹ Bes Redew

b) schwer verständlich, schwer zu bewältigen(d):

hard problems schwierige Probleme

4. hart, zäh, widerstandsfähig:

in hard condition SPORT konditionsstark, fit;

a hard customer umg ein schwieriger Kunde, ein zäher Bursche; → nail Bes Redew

5. hart, angestrengt, intensiv (Studium etc)

6. fleißig, tüchtig:

he is a hard worker er ist enorm fleißig;

try one’s hardest sich alle Mühe geben

7. heftig, stark (Regen etc):

a hard blow ein harter Schlag, fig a. ein schwerer Schlag;

hard drinker starke(r) Trinker(in);

a hard service (Tennis) ein harter Aufschlag;

be hard on Kleidung, einen Teppich etc strapazieren;

be hard on the eyes die Augen anstrengen;

be hard on the legs in die Beine gehen

8. rau (Klima), streng (Frost), hart, streng (Winter)

9. hart, gefühllos, streng:

hard words harte Worte;

be hard on sb

a) jemanden hart oder ungerecht behandeln,

b) jemandem hart zusetzen

10. hart, drückend:

it is hard on him es ist hart für ihn, es trifft ihn schwer;

be hard on the pocket kaum erschwinglich sein;

price increases are hardest on the pockets of the poor Preiserhöhungen treffen immer die Armen am meisten;

hard times schwere Zeiten;

have a hard time

a) Schlimmes durchmachen (müssen),

b) sich schwertun ( with mit);

have a hard time getting sth es schwer haben, etwas zu bekommen;

he had a hard time getting up early es fiel ihm schwer, früh aufzustehen;

give sb a hard time jemandem das Leben schwer machen

11. hart:

the hard facts die unumstößlichen oder nackten Tatsachen

12. nüchtern, kühl (überlegend), unsentimental:

a hard businessman ein kühler Geschäftsmann;

he has a hard head er denkt nüchtern

13. sauer, herb (Getränk)

14. hart (Droge), (Getränk auch) stark:

hard drink auch Harddrink m;

hard drug auch Harddrug f; → liquor A 1 a, → porn A

15. PHYS hart (Wasser etc):

hard tube Hochvakuumröhre f

16. AGR hart, Hart…:

hard wheat

17. WIRTSCH hoch und starr (Preise)

18. hart (Farben, Stimme)

19. PHON

a) hart, stimmlos

b) nicht palatalisiert

20. hard of hearing schwerhörig

21. hard up umg

a) in (Geld)Schwierigkeiten, schlecht bei Kasse,

b) in Verlegenheit ( for um)

B adv

1. hart, fest:

frozen hard hart gefroren

2. fig hart, schwer:

work hard;

brake hard scharf bremsen;

drink hard ein starker Trinker sein;

it will go hard with him es wird ihm schlecht ergehen;

hit sb hard

a) jemandem einen harten oder heftigen Schlag versetzen,

b) fig ein harter oder schwerer Schlag für jemanden sein;

look hard at scharf ansehen;

be hard pressed, be hard put to it in schwerer Bedrängnis sein;

they are taking it very hard es ist ein schwerer Schlag für sie;

think hard scharf oder angestrengt nachdenken;

try hard sich große Mühe geben; → bear¹ B 4

3. schwer, mühsam: → die¹ A 1

4. nahe, dicht:

hard by ganz in der Nähe, nahe oder dicht dabei;

hard on ( oder after) gleich nach

5. hard aport SCHIFF hart Backbord

C s

1. Br festes Uferland

2. Br sl Zwangsarbeit f

3. get (have) a hard on vulg einen Ständer (eine Erektion) kriegen (haben)

* * *
1. adjective
1) hart; stark, heftig [Regen]; gesichert [Beweis, Zahlen, Daten, Information]

drive a hard bargain — hart verhandeln

2) (difficult) schwer; schwierig

this is hard to believe — das ist kaum zu glauben

it is hard to do something — es ist schwer, etwas zu tun

make it hard for somebody [to do something] — es jemandem schwer machen[, etwas zu tun]

[choose to] go about/do something the hard way — es sich (Dat.) bei etwas unnötig schwer machen

learn something the hard way — etwas durch schlechte Erfahrungen lernen

be hard of hearing — schwerhörig sein

be hard going — [Buch:] sich schwer lesen; [Arbeit:] anstrengend sein

play hard to get — (coll.) so tun, als sei man nicht interessiert

have a hard time doing something — Schwierigkeiten haben, etwas zu tun

it's a hard life — (joc.) das Leben ist schwer

it is [a bit] hard on him — es ist [schon] schlimm für ihn

hard luck — (coll.) Pech

3) (strenu-ous) hart; beschwerlich [Reise]; leidenschaftlich [Spieler]

be a hard drinker — viel trinken

try one's hardest to do something — sich nach Kräften bemühen, etwas zu tun

4) (vigorous) heftig [Angriff, Schlag]; kräftig [Schlag, Stoß, Tritt]; (severe) streng [Winter]

5) (unfeeling) hart

be hard [up]on somebody — streng mit jemandem sein

take a hard line [with somebody on something] — [in Bezug auf etwas (Akk.)] eine harte Linie [gegenüber jemandem] vertreten
2. adverb
1) (strenuously) hart [arbeiten, trainieren]; fleißig [lernen, studieren, üben]; genau [überlegen, beobachten]; scharf [nachdenken]; gut [aufpassen, zuhören, sich festhalten]

concentrate hard/harder — sich sehr/mehr konzentrieren

try hard — sich sehr bemühen

be hard at work on something — an etwas (Dat.) intensiv od. konzentriert arbeiten

be hard at it — schwer arbeiten

2) (vigorously) heftig; fest [schlagen, drücken, klopfen]

3) (severely, drastically) hart; streng [zensieren]

cut back hard on something — etwas drastisch einschränken

be hard up — knapp bei Kasse sein (ugs.)

4)

be hard put to it [to do something] — große Schwierigkeiten haben[, etwas zu tun]

5) hart [kochen]; fest [gefrieren [lassen]]

set hard — fest werden

* * *

adj.

hart (Wasser) adj.

hart adj.

heftig adj.

kalkhaltig adj.

schwer adj.

English-german dictionary > hard
7 knock

nok
1. verb
1) (to make a sharp noise by hitting or tapping, especially on a door etc to attract attention: Just then, someone knocked at the door.) golpear, llamar

2) (to cause to move, especially to fall, by hitting (often accidentally): She knocked a vase on to the floor while she was dusting.) tirar, hacer caer

3) (to put into a certain state or position by hitting: He knocked the other man senseless.) golpear

4) ((often with against, on) to strike against or bump into: She knocked against the table and spilt his cup of coffee; I knocked my head on the car door.) golpear

2. noun
1) (an act of knocking or striking: She gave two knocks on the door; He had a nasty bruise from a knock he had received playing football.) golpe

2) (the sound made by a knock, especially on a door etc: Suddenly they heard a loud knock.) golpe, llamada

•

- knocker
- knock-kneed
- knock about/around
- knock back
- knock down
- knock off
- knock out
- knock over
- knock up
- get knocked up

knock¹ n golpe

there was a knock on the door llamaron a la puerta

knock² vb

1. llamar

someone knocked on the door llamaron a la puerta

2. golpear

he knocked his head on the ceiling se dio con la cabeza contra el techo

3. tirar

he knocked the bottle over with his elbow tiró la botella con el codo

knock

tr[nɒk]

noun

1 (blow) golpe nombre masculino

■ the boy got a knock on his leg el niño recibió un golpe en la pierna

2 (on door) llamada

■ was that a knock at the door? ¿han llamado a la puerta?

■ knock, knock! ¡toc, toc!

3 figurative use (bad luck) revés nombre masculino

■ you have to learn to take a few knocks in this business hay que aprender a aguantar muchos reveses en esta profesión

transitive verb

1 (to hit) golpear, darse un golpe en

■ he knocked his head on the ceiling se golpeó la cabeza contra el techo

■ the mugger knocked her to the ground el atracador la tiró al suelo

2 familiar (criticize) criticar, hablar mal de

■ the newspapers are forever knocking the England manager los periódicos siempre critican al entrenador de la selección inglesa

intransitive verb

1 (at door) llamar

■ please knock before entering por favor, llamen antes de entrar

2 (of car engine) golpear, martillear

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

he's knocking on 70 va para los 70 años

to knock on the head (project) matar 2 (plans) echar por tierra

to knock some sense into somebody hacer entrar en vereda a alguien

to knock spots off dar mil vueltas a

to knock the bottom out of the market reventar los precios

knock it off! ¡basta ya!

knock ['nɑk] vt

1) hit, rap: golpear, golpetear

2) : hacer chocar

they knocked heads: se dieron en la cabeza

3) criticize: criticar

knock vi

1) rap: dar un golpe, llamar (a la puerta)

2) collide: darse, chocar

knock n

: golpe m, llamada f (a la puerta), golpeteo m (de un motor)

knock

n.

• golpazo s.m.

• golpe s.m.

• golpeo s.m.

• llamada s.f.

• porrazo s.m.

• toque s.m.

v.

• chocar contra v.

• cutir v.

• golpear v.

• llamar a la puerta v.

• martillear v.

• pegar v.

nɑːk, nɒk
I

noun

1) ( sound) golpe m; ( in engine) golpeteo m, cascabeleo m (AmL)

he gave a couple of knocks before entering — llamó or (AmL tb) tocó (a la puerta) un par de veces antes de entrar

2) ( blow) golpe m

I got a knock on the head — me di un golpe en la cabeza

3) (colloq)

a) ( setback) golpe m

the company has taken some bad knocks recently — la compañía ha tenido serios reveses últimamente

b) ( criticism) crítica f, palo m (fam)

II
1.

transitive verb

1) (strike, push)

to knock one's head/knee on/against something — darse* (un golpe) en la cabeza/rodilla con/contra algo

to knock a nail into the wall — clavar un clavo en la pared

she knocked the vase off the shelf — tiró el jarrón de la repisa

he was knocked to the ground by the blast/blow — la explosión/el golpe lo tiró al suelo or lo tumbó

she knocked the glass out of his hand — le hizo caer el vaso de la mano

they knocked a large hole in the wall — hicieron un gran boquete en la pared

the blow knocked her unconscious — el golpe la dejó inconsciente

to knock somebody sideways — (colloq) dejar a alguien de una pieza

2) ( criticize) (colloq) criticar*, hablar mal de

2.

vi

a) ( on door) llamar, golpear (AmL), tocar* (AmL)

b) ( collide)

to knock AGAINST/INTO somebody/something — darse* or chocar* contra alguien/algo

c) \<\<engine\>\> golpetear, cascabelear (AmL)

Phrasal Verbs:

- knock about

- knock back

- knock down

- knock off

- knock out

- knock over

- knock up

[nɒk]
1. N

1) (gen) golpe m ; (in collision) choque m ; (on door) llamada f

a knock on the head — un golpe en la cabeza

there was a knock at the door — llamaron a la puerta

his pride took a knock — su orgullo sufrió un golpe

the team took a hard knock yesterday — ayer el equipo recibió un rudo golpe

he has had plenty of hard knocks — ha recibido muchos y duros golpes en la vida

2) (in engine) golpeteo m

2. VT

1) (=strike) golpear

to knock a hole in sth — hacer or abrir un agujero en algo

to knock a nail into sth — clavar un clavo en algo

to knock sb on the head — golpear a algn en la cabeza

to knock one's head on/against sth — (by accident) dar con la cabeza contra algo; (deliberately) dar cabezazos contra algo

I knocked my elbow on or against the table — me di (un golpe) en el codo con la mesa

to knock sb to the ground — tirar or echar a algn al suelo

to knock sb unconscious or out or cold — dejar a algn sin sentido

to knock sth to the floor — dar con algo en el suelo

he knocked the knife out of her hand — le quitó el cuchillo de la mano de un golpe

I knocked the ball into the water — tiré la pelota al agua

to knock the bottom out of sth — [+ box] desfondar algo; (fig) [+ argument] dejar algo sin fundamentos

- knock sth on the head

- knock some sense into sb

- knock sb sideways

- knock spots off sb

2) * (=criticize) criticar, hablar mal de

3. VI

1) (strike) golpear; (at door) llamar a la puerta

knock before entering — llamar a la puerta antes de entrar

he knocked at the door/on the table — llamó a la puerta/dio un golpe en la mesa

poverty was knocking at his door — la pobreza llamaba a su puerta

I can't give a job to everyone who comes knocking on my door — no puedo dar trabajo a todos los que vienen pidiéndomelo or que llaman a mi puerta

2) (=bump)

to knock into sth/sb — chocar or tropezar con algo/algn

to knock against sth — chocar or dar con or contra algo

3) [engine] golpetear

- knock about

- knock back

- knock down

- knock in

- knock off

- knock on

- knock out

- knock over

- knock together

- knock up

* * *
[nɑːk, nɒk]
I

noun

1) ( sound) golpe m; ( in engine) golpeteo m, cascabeleo m (AmL)

he gave a couple of knocks before entering — llamó or (AmL tb) tocó (a la puerta) un par de veces antes de entrar

2) ( blow) golpe m

I got a knock on the head — me di un golpe en la cabeza

3) (colloq)

a) ( setback) golpe m

the company has taken some bad knocks recently — la compañía ha tenido serios reveses últimamente

b) ( criticism) crítica f, palo m (fam)

II
1.

transitive verb

1) (strike, push)

to knock one's head/knee on/against something — darse* (un golpe) en la cabeza/rodilla con/contra algo

to knock a nail into the wall — clavar un clavo en la pared

she knocked the vase off the shelf — tiró el jarrón de la repisa

he was knocked to the ground by the blast/blow — la explosión/el golpe lo tiró al suelo or lo tumbó

she knocked the glass out of his hand — le hizo caer el vaso de la mano

they knocked a large hole in the wall — hicieron un gran boquete en la pared

the blow knocked her unconscious — el golpe la dejó inconsciente

to knock somebody sideways — (colloq) dejar a alguien de una pieza

2) ( criticize) (colloq) criticar*, hablar mal de

2.

vi

a) ( on door) llamar, golpear (AmL), tocar* (AmL)

b) ( collide)

to knock AGAINST/INTO somebody/something — darse* or chocar* contra alguien/algo

c) \<\<engine\>\> golpetear, cascabelear (AmL)

Phrasal Verbs:

- knock about

- knock back

- knock down

- knock off

- knock out

- knock over

- knock up

English-spanish dictionary > knock
8 knock

1. n стук

timid knock — робкий стук

to give a knock — постучаться

piston knock — стук поршня

2. n удар; толчок

hard knock — сильный удар

knock up — ударом подбросить вверх

3. n тех. детонация, стук

spark knock — детонация

combustion knock — детонация

fuel knock — детонация топлива

knock inception — начало детонации

knock indicator — датчик детонации

4. n амер. разг. резкая критика

5. n амер. разг. обыкн. придирки, нападки, замечания

6. n амер. разг. разг. подача мяча

7. n амер. разг. неприятность; беда; удар

8. n амер. разг. неудача; убыток

he has taken a bad knock — он понёс большие убытки

9. n амер. разг. сл. аукцион, продажа с молотка

to take the knock — разориться;

took bad knock — нес большие потери

taken bad knock — нес большие потери

10. v стучать; стучаться, постучаться

to knock sharply — резко стучать

knock on — стучать в

to knock thrice — постучать три раза

to knock on the door — постучать в дверь

I thought I heard a knock — мне показалось, что стучат

11. v разг. поднять, разбудить стуком

to knock sleeping people out of their beds — стуком поднять на ноги спящих

big-end knock — стук, вызванный износом вкладышей шатунного подшипника

12. v ударять; бить, колотить

to knock the ball hard — сильно ударить по мячу

knock down — сбить; свалить

to knock in a nail — вбить гвоздь

to knock off the bar — сбить планку

to knock a box together — сколотить ящик

to knock out the bottom of a box — выбить дно ящика

13. v вбивать

to knock a nail into a wall — вгонять гвоздь в стену

knock in — вбивать

14. v наталкиваться, встречать

I knocked against him in the street — я неожиданно наткнулся на него на улице

15. v сбить

the blow knocked me flat — удар сбил меня с ног

16. v соединить, сколотить

to knock two rooms into one — соединить две комнаты

17. v тех. работать с перебоями, стучать

to give a double knock at the door — постучать в дверь два раза

18. v разг. удивлять, поражать, ошеломлять

her cool impudence knocked me completely — я был сражён её наглостью и бесстыдством

knock out a target — поражать цель

19. v разг. резко критиковать; придираться, нападать

he is always knocking the young — он всегда нападает на молодёжь

20. v сл. арестовать, забрать

21. v амер. сл. добиться; обеспечить; овладеть

22. v амер. сл. хорошо подготовиться; владеть

to knock at an open door — ломиться в открытую дверь

to knock under board — свалиться пьяным, напиться вдрызг

to knock home — вдолбить, довести до сознания

to knock dead — приводить в восторг,

a comedian who really knocked them dead — комик, который их просто уморил

positions where they could knock down good money — должности, на которых они могли загребать хорошие деньги

23. n холм, бугор

24. n диал. песчаная отмель

Синонимический ряд:

1. bang (noun) bang; blow; smash

2. hit (noun) criticism; flak; hit; lick; rap; swat; swipe; wipe

3. loud noise (noun) clang; loud noise; pounding; tap; tapping; thud; thump

4. criticise (verb) badmouth; bad-mouth; carp; complain; criticise; find fault with; judge; put down; slam

5. criticize (verb) blame; censure; condemn; criticize; cut up; denounce; denunciate; pan; reprehend; reprobate; skin

6. hit (verb) catch; clout; hit; pop; slog; smack; smash; smite; swat; wham

7. rap (verb) bang; beat; bob; pound; rap; strike; tap; thump; tunk; whack

English-Russian base dictionary > knock
9 knock up

1. phr v ударом подбросить вверх

hard knock — сильный удар

2. phr v разг. поднять, разбудить стуком

piston knock — стук поршня

timid knock — робкий стук

3. phr v сталкиваться

knock together — сталкиваться, стукаться

4. phr v натолкнуться

5. phr v разг. утомлять, истощать

to be knocked up — утомиться

6. phr v разг. ослаблять

he was knocked up after his illness — он очень сдал после болезни

7. phr v разг. разг. сколотить на скорую руку; наскоро приготовить; кое-как устроить

to knock up some sort of a shelter — устроить нечто вроде убежища

to knock a box together — сколотить ящик

8. phr v разг. разг. погубить, испортить

the children knocked up the new table — дети изуродовали новый стол

9. phr v разг. амер. разг. избить

he came home all knocked up again — он опять пришёл домой весь избитый

10. phr v разг. груб. сделать брюхатой, обрюхатить

11. phr v разг. спорт. разминаться, делать разминку

knock around — бездельничать, лодырничать; околачиваться без дела

12. phr v разг. набрать столько-то очков

Синонимический ряд:

1. make pregnant (verb) copulate; get a woman pregnant; impregnate; inseminate; love her and leave her; make pregnant

2. wake up (verb) arouse by knocking; awaken; awaken by knocking; cause to wake up; wake up

English-Russian base dictionary > knock up
10 knock down

1. сокрушительный удар

hard knock — сильный удар

knock up — ударом подбросить вверх

2. разбирать

knock down a vehicle — разбирать машину

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > knock down
11 knock down

сбить; сокрушительный удар

hard knock — сильный удар

knock up — ударом подбросить вверх

to knock off the bar — сбить планку

English-Russian big medical dictionary > knock down
12 hard

hard

A adj

1 [consistency, object, surface, skin, muscle, snow, butter, bread, ground, bed, pencil lead] dur ; [paint, wax, mud, glue] dur, durci ; to go ou grow ou become hard durcir ; to set hard [concrete, plaster etc] durcir complètement ; a hard frost une forte gelée ; frozen hard complètement gelé ; ⇒ hard lens ;

2 (difficult, complex) [problem, question, puzzle] dur, difficile ; [choice] difficile, dur à faire ; [decision] difficile, dur à prendre ; (arduous, demanding) [task, study, training, climb] dur, difficile ; [bargaining, negotiations, fight] dur, serré ; I've had a hard day j'ai eu une dure journée ; a hard day's work/filming une dure journée de travail/de tournage ; to be hard to open/cut/find/read être dur or difficile à ouvrir/couper/trouver/lire ; it's a hard poem to translate c'est un poème difficile à traduire ; to be hard to please être exigeant ; it's hard to do c'est dur or difficile à faire ; it was hard not to laugh il était dur or difficile de ne pas rire ; his decision was hard for us to understand il était dur or difficile de comprendre sa décision, nous avions du mal à comprendre sa décision ; it is hard for sb to do sth il est difficile à or pour qn de faire qch ; it was hard for us to understand his decision il nous était difficile de comprendre sa décision, nous avions du mal à comprendre sa décision ; it's hard for old people to change their ways il est difficile pour les personnes âgées de changer leurs habitudes ; to find it hard to do sth avoir du mal à faire qch, trouver dur or difficile de faire qch ; to find sth hard to do trouver qch dur or difficile à faire ; it's hard to accept/believe on a du mal à accepter/croire (that que) ; I'm not afraid of hard work le travail ne me fait pas peur ; it was hard work ou going ça a été dur or difficile ; it's hard work doing sth c'est difficile or dur de faire qch ; it was hard work persuading her to sell c'était difficile or dur de la persuader de vendre ; I found the article rather hard going j'ai trouvé l'article plutôt ardu or difficile ; he made hard work of moving the table il a fait tout un plat ○ pour déplacer la table ; hard work never hurt ou killed anybody! le travail n'a jamais fait de mal à personne! ; it's too much like hard work c'est trop fatigant ; to be a hard worker [student, pupil, employee] être travailleur/-euse ; [manual worker] être dur à la tâche ; to do things the hard way se compliquer la tâche ; he got the job the hard way il a beaucoup travaillé pour en arriver là ; to find sth out ou learn sth the hard way apprendre qch à ses dépens ;

3 (harsh, unpleasant) [life, childhood, year] difficile ; [blow, knock] fig dur, terrible ; [climate, winter] rude ; he has to learn to take the hard knocks il faut qu'il apprenne à encaisser ○ ; this is a hard world nous vivons dans un monde cruel or sans pitié ; to be hard on sb [person, court] être dur envers qn ; don't be so hard on yourself! ne sois pas si dur avec toi-même! ; this tax is very hard on the unemployed cet impôt frappe durement les chômeurs ; this print is hard on the eyes ces caractères ne ménagent pas la vue ; hard luck ou lines ○ GB! ( sympathetic) pas de chance! ; hard luck ou lines ○ GB ou cheese ○ GB! ( unsympathetic) tant pis pour toi!, manque de pot ○ ! ; to take a hard line adopter une attitude ferme (on sth à propos de qch ; with sb envers qn) ; it's a hard life gen, hum, iron la vie est dure ; it's a hard life being a millionaire iron c'est dur d'être (un) millionnaire ; no hard feelings! sans rancune! ; I bear her no hard feelings je ne lui en veux pas, je ne lui en tiens pas rancune ; these are hard times les temps sont durs ; to fall on hard times connaître des revers de fortune ; he's having a hard time (of it) il traverse une période difficile ; to have a hard time (of it) doing sth avoir du mal à faire qch ; to give sb a hard time ○ ( make things difficult) rendre la vie impossible à qn ; ( tell off) passer un savon ○ à qn ;

4 (stern, cold) [person, voice, look, words] dur, sévère ; their hearts are hard ils ont le cœur dur ;

5 ( forceful) [shove, push, knock] bon/bonne (before n) ; I gave the door a hard push j'ai poussé fortement la porte ;

6 ( concrete) [evidence, proof] solide ; [facts] concret/-ète, solide ; [news] sérieux/-ieuse ; the paper that brings you the hard news le journal qui vous donne des nouvelles sérieuses ; the hard facts about sth la vérité sur qch ;

7 ( stark) [outline, colour, light] dur ; [sound] violent ;

8 ( strong) [drink, liquor] fort ; [drug] dur ; [pornography] hard ; to be a hard drinker boire des alcools forts ; a drop of the hard stuff ○ une goutte d'alcool (fort) ;

9 Pol the hard left/right la gauche/droite (pure et) dure ;

10 Chem [water] dur, calcaire ;

11 Ling [consonant] dur ;

12 ○ ( tough) [person] dur ; so you think you're hard, do you? tu te prends pour un dur, hein ○ ?

B adv

1 (strongly, energetically) [push, pull, punch, laugh, cry] fort ; [work] dur ; [study, think] sérieusement ; [rain] fort, à verse ; [snow] abondamment ; [look, listen] attentivement ; to hit sb/sth hard lit frapper qn/qch fort ; fig frapper qn/qch durement ; to be hard hit fig être durement frappé (by par) ; think hard! réfléchissez bien or sérieusement! ; to try hard ( intellectually) faire beaucoup d'efforts ; ( physically) essayer de toutes ses forces ; as hard as one can [run, try, push, pull, work] de toutes ses forces ; no matter how hard I try/work, I… j'ai beau essayer/travailler, je… ; to be hard at it ○ ou at work être en plein boulot ○ or travail ; she works ou drives her students very hard elle fait travailler très dur ses étudiants ; to take sth (very) hard prendre (très) mal qch ;

2 ( with directions) turn hard left at the traffic lights aux feux tournez tout de suite à gauche ; go hard astern Naut machine arrière toute ; hard a-port/a-starboard Naut à babord/à tribord toute ;

3 ( indicating proximity) hard behind juste derrière ; hard by† sth tout près de qch ; hard (up)on sth juste sur qch ; ⇒ heel.

Idioms

to play hard to get se faire désirer ; to be hard put to do avoir du mal à faire ; to be/feel hard done by être/se sentir brimé.

Big English-French dictionary > hard
13 knock

1. transitive verb
1) (strike) (lightly) klopfen gegen od. an (+ Akk.); (forcefully) schlagen gegen od. an (+ Akk.)

2) (make by striking) schlagen

knock a hole in something — ein Loch in etwas (Akk.) schlagen

3) (drive by striking) schlagen

knock somebody's brains out — jemandem den Schädel einschlagen

I'd like to knock their heads together — (lit.) ich könnte ihre Köpfe gegeneinander schlagen; (fig.): (reprove them) ich möchte ihnen mal gehörig die Leviten lesen

4)

knock somebody on the head — jemandem eins über od. auf den Schädel geben

knock something on the head — (fig.): (put an end to) einer Sache (Dat.) ein Ende setzen

5) (coll.): (criticize) herziehen über (+ Akk.) (ugs.)

don't knock it — halt dich zurück
2. intransitive verb
1) (strike) (lightly) klopfen; (forcefully) schlagen

2) (seek admittance) klopfen (at an + Akk.)
3. noun
1) (rap) Klopfen, das

there was a knock on or at the door — es klopfte an der Tür

2) (blow) Schlag, der; (gentler) Stoß, der

3) (fig.): (blow of misfortune) [Schicksals]schlag, der

take a knock — einen Schlag erleiden

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/41097/knock_about">knock about

- knock around

- knock back

- knock down

- knock off

- knock out

- knock over

- knock together

- knock up

* * *
[nok] 1. verb
1) (to make a sharp noise by hitting or tapping, especially on a door etc to attract attention: Just then, someone knocked at the door.) klopfen

2) (to cause to move, especially to fall, by hitting (often accidentally): She knocked a vase on to the floor while she was dusting.) herunterstoßen

3) (to put into a certain state or position by hitting: He knocked the other man senseless.) schlagen

4) ((often with against, on) to strike against or bump into: She knocked against the table and spilt his cup of coffee; I knocked my head on the car door.) stoßen
2. noun
1) (an act of knocking or striking: She gave two knocks on the door; He had a nasty bruise from a knock he had received playing football.) der Schlag

2) (the sound made by a knock, especially on a door etc: Suddenly they heard a loud knock.) das Klopfen

•

- knocker
- knock-kneed
- knock about/around
- knock back
- knock down
- knock off
- knock out
- knock over
- knock up
- get knocked up
* * *

knock

[nɒk, AM nɑ:k]

I. n

1. (sound) Klopfen nt, Pochen nt liter

to give a \knock [at [or on] the door] an der Tür klopfen

there was a \knock on the door es hat [an der Tür] geklopft

can you give me a \knock in the morning? könntest du morgen früh an meiner Tür klopfen?

she heard a \knock sie hat es klopfen hören

2. (blow) Schlag m, Stoß m

he received a nasty \knock on the head er bekam einen bösen Schlag auf den Kopf

to be able to withstand \knocks stoßsicher sein

the table has had a few \knocks der Tisch hat schon ein paar Schrammen abbekommen

3. no pl TECH of engine Klopfen nt, Klopfgeräusch nt

4. ( fig: setback) Schlag m

to take a \knock ( fam) einen Tiefschlag erleiden; (in confidence) einen Knacks bekommen fam

to be able to take a lot of \knocks viel einstecken können

the school of hard \knocks eine harte Schule

she has learned everything in the school of hard \knocks sie ist [im Leben] durch eine harte Schule gegangen

5. ( fam: critical comment) Kritik f

6. SPORT (in cricket) Innings nt fachspr, Durchgang m, Innenrunde f

II. vi

1. (strike noisily) klopfen

a rope \knocked against the side of the ship ein Seil schlug gegen die Schiffswand

to \knock at the door/on the window an die Tür/ans Fenster klopfen

sb's knees are \knocking jdm schlottern die Knie fam

2. (collide with) stoßen

▪ to \knock into/against sth gegen etw stoßen, etw rammen

▪ to \knock into sb mit jdm zusammenstoßen

3. TECH engine, pipes klopfen

4. ( fam: be approaching)

to be \knocking on 40/50/60 auf die 40/50/60 zugehen

5.

▶ to \knock on wood AM, AUS dreimal auf Holz klopfen

III. vt

1. (hit)

▪ to \knock sth gegen etw akk stoßen

he \knocked my arm er stieß gegen meinen Arm

I \knocked my knee at the door ich habe mir mein Knie an der Tür angestoßen

she \knocked the glass off the table sie stieß gegen das Glas und es fiel vom Tisch

2. (blow)

▪ to \knock sb jdm einen Schlag versetzen; (less hard) jdm einen Stoß versetzen

the blow \knocked him flat der Schlag haute ihn um

to \knock sb to the ground jdn zu Boden werfen

to \knock sb on the head jdm an den Kopf schlagen

to \knock sb unconscious [or senseless] jdn bewusstlos schlagen; ( fig)

to \knock sb's self-esteem jds Selbstbewusstsein anschlagen [o einen Knacks geben

3. (drive, demolish)

▪ to \knock sth out of sb jdm etw austreiben

someone should \knock some of the arrogance out of him jemand sollte ihn von seinem hohen Ross herunterholen

to \knock some [or a bit of] sense into sb jdn zur Vernunft bringen

to \knock the bottom out of sth etw zusammenbrechen lassen

to \knock a hole into the wall ein Loch in die Wand schlagen

to \knock a nail into the wall einen Nagel in die Wand schlagen

they \knocked two rooms into one sie haben die Wand zwischen zwei Zimmern eingerissen

4. ( fam: criticize)

▪ to \knock sb/sth jdn/etw schlechtmachen

don't \knock it till you've tried it mach es nicht schon runter, bevor du es überhaupt ausprobiert hast fam

5.

▶ to \knock 'em dead AM ( fam) jdn vom Hocker reißen fam, es jdm zeigen fam

okay, son, go and \knock 'em dead! also los, Junge, geh und zeig's ihnen! fam

▶ to \knock sth on the head BRIT, AUS (stop sth) etw dat ein Ende bereiten [o fam abblasen]; (complete sth) etw zu Ende bringen

by midnight we were all tired and \knocked it on the head um Mitternacht waren wir alle total müde und haben Schluss gemacht

▶ to \knock sb off their pedestal [or perch] jdn vom Podest stoßen

▶ to \knock an plan/idea on the head BRIT, AUS einen Plan/Gedanken verwerfen

▶ to \knock sb sideways [or BRIT also for six] jdn umhauen fam

▶ to \knock [the] spots off sb/sth BRIT jdn/etw in den Schatten stellen [o fam in die Tasche stecken]; SPORT jdn/etw um Längen schlagen

▶ to \knock the stuffing out of sb ( fam) jdn fertigmachen fam

IV. interj

“\knock \knock” „klopf, klopf“

* * *
[nɒk]
1. n

1) (esp Brit) (= blow) Stoß m; (esp with hand, tool etc) Schlag m

to get a knock — einen Stoß/Schlag abbekommen

he got a knock from the swing — die Schaukel hat ihn getroffen

he took a bit of a knock — er hat einiges abbekommen (inf)

the car took a few knocks — mit dem Auto hat es ein paar Mal gebumst (inf)

the furniture has had a few knocks — die Möbel haben ein paar Schrammen abbekommen

he gave himself a nasty knock — er hat sich böse angeschlagen or angestoßen

2) (= noise) Klopfen nt no pl, Pochen nt no pl (liter); (in engine) Klopfen nt no pl, Klopfgeräusch nt

there was a knock at the door — es hat (an der Tür) geklopft

I heard a knock — ich habe es klopfen hören

I'll give you a knock at 7 o'clock (Brit) — ich klopfe um 7 Uhr (an deine Tür)

3) (esp Brit) (fig: setback) (Tief)schlag m

to ( have to) take a lot of knocks — viele Tiefschläge einstecken (müssen)

to take a knock (self-confidence, pride etc) — erschüttert werden; (reputation) geschädigt werden; (person)

the company took a bit of a knock as a result of the tax changes — die Steuerreform hat der Firma einen Schlag versetzt

2. vt

1) (= hit, strike) stoßen; (with hand, tool, racket etc) schlagen; one's knee, head etc anschlagen, anstoßen (on an +dat); (= nudge, jolt) stoßen gegen; (= collide with car, driver) rammen

to knock one's head/elbow etc — sich (dat) den Kopf/Ellbogen etc anschlagen or anstoßen

he knocked his foot against the table — er stieß mit dem Fuß gegen den Tisch

to knock sb on the head —

that knocked his idea on the head ( Brit inf ) — damit konnte er sich die Idee aus dem Kopf schlagen (inf)

I decided to knock it on the head ( Brit inf ) — ich beschloss, der Sache (dat) ein Ende zu machen

the plan wasn't working so we knocked it on the head ( Brit inf ) — der Plan klappte nicht, also ließen wir ihn fallen

to knock sb to the ground — jdn zu Boden werfen

to knock sb unconscious — jdn bewusstlos werden lassen; (person) jdn bewusstlos schlagen

to knock sb dead (fig inf) — jdn umhauen (inf)

go out there and knock 'em dead (inf) — jetzt zeigs denen aber mal! (inf)

he knocked some holes in the side of the box — er machte ein paar Löcher in die Seite der Kiste

we knocked the two rooms into one — wir verbanden die beiden Zimmer indem wir die Verbindungswand abrissen

to knock holes in an argument — ein Argument zerpflücken

to knock sb/sth out of the way — jdn/etw beiseitestoßen

he knocked it as he went past — er ist beim Vorbeigehen dagegengestoßen; (deliberately) er hat ihm/ihr etc beim Vorbeigehen einen Stoß versetzt or gegeben

she knocked the glass to the ground — sie stieß gegen das Glas und es fiel zu Boden

watch you don't knock your glass off the table — pass auf, dass du dein Glas nicht vom Tisch stößt

to knock the nonsense out of sb — jdm den Unsinn austreiben

to knock some sense into sb — jdn zur Vernunft bringen

to knock sb's confidence — jds Selbstbewusstsein erschüttern

he was knocked sideways by it (fig inf) — es haute ihn um (inf)

confidence in the legal system has been knocked sideways (inf) — das Vertrauen in das Rechtssystem hat schwer gelitten

2) (inf: criticize) (he)runtermachen (inf)

if you haven't tried it, don't knock it — verurteile es doch nicht, wenn du es noch nie versucht hast

3. vi

1) (on door etc) klopfen, pochen (liter); (engine etc) klopfen

to knock at or on the door — an die Tür klopfen, anklopfen

opportunity was or came knocking at his door —

he is knocking on the door of the England team — er wird als Anwärter für die englische Nationalmannschaft gehandelt

to knock at or on the window — gegen das Fenster klopfen

knock before entering — bitte anklopfen

he knocked on the table — er schlug or klopfte auf den Tisch

2) (= bump, collide) stoßen (into, against gegen)

he knocked into or against the gatepost — er rammte den Türpfosten

3)

his knees were knocking (together) — ihm zitterten or schlotterten (inf) die Knie

4. interj

knock knock! — klopf, klopf

* * *

knock [nɒk; US nɑk]

A s

1. a) Schlag m, Stoß m:

he can take a knock or two er kann einen Puff vertragen umg

b) fig (Tief)Schlag m:

take ( oder have) a knock einen Schlag einstecken müssen

2. Klopfen n, Pochen n:

there is a knock (at [US on] the door) es klopft;

give a double knock zweimal klopfen;

open to sb’s knock auf jemandes Klopfen öffnen

3. AUTO Klopfen n

4. meist pl umg Kritik f

B v/t

1. schlagen, stoßen:

knock to the ground zu Boden schlagen;

knock on the head

a) bewusstlos schlagen,

b) totschlagen;

knock one’s head against sich den Kopf anschlagen an (dat);

knock one’s head against a brick wall fig mit dem Kopf gegen die Wand rennen;

knock sb into the middle of next week umg jemanden fertigmachen;

knock sth into sb(’s head) jemandem etwas einhämmern oder einbläuen;

knock some sense into sb jemandem den Kopf zurechtsetzen;

knock spots off sb umg jemanden in den Sack stecken (at in dat);

knock three seconds off a record SPORT umg einen Rekord um drei Sekunden verbessern;

he’s knocked £5 off the bill (for us) umg er hat (uns) 5 Pfund von der Rechnung nachgelassen; → cold A 12, head Bes Redew

2. schlagen, klopfen:

knock into shape in Form bringen

3. umg heruntermachen umg, schlechtmachen, kritisieren

4. umg

a) jemanden umhauen umg, sprachlos machen

b) jemanden schocken

C v/i

1. schlagen, pochen, klopfen:

knock at (US on) the door an die Tür klopfen;

“please knock before entering” „bitte (an)klopfen“

2. schlagen, prallen, stoßen ( alle:

against, into gegen;

on auf akk)

3. → knock together B

4. TECH

a) rattern, rütteln (Maschine)

b) klopfen (Motor, Brennstoff)

5. knock about ( oder around) umg sich herumtreiben in (dat)

6. knock about ( oder around) umg herumliegen in (dat) (Gegenstand)

* * *
1. transitive verb
1) (strike) (lightly) klopfen gegen od. an (+ Akk.); (forcefully) schlagen gegen od. an (+ Akk.)

2) (make by striking) schlagen

knock a hole in something — ein Loch in etwas (Akk.) schlagen

3) (drive by striking) schlagen

knock somebody's brains out — jemandem den Schädel einschlagen

I'd like to knock their heads together — (lit.) ich könnte ihre Köpfe gegeneinander schlagen; (fig.): (reprove them) ich möchte ihnen mal gehörig die Leviten lesen

4)

knock somebody on the head — jemandem eins über od. auf den Schädel geben

knock something on the head — (fig.): (put an end to) einer Sache (Dat.) ein Ende setzen

5) (coll.): (criticize) herziehen über (+ Akk.) (ugs.)

don't knock it — halt dich zurück
2. intransitive verb
1) (strike) (lightly) klopfen; (forcefully) schlagen

2) (seek admittance) klopfen (at an + Akk.)
3. noun
1) (rap) Klopfen, das

there was a knock on or at the door — es klopfte an der Tür

2) (blow) Schlag, der; (gentler) Stoß, der

3) (fig.): (blow of misfortune) [Schicksals]schlag, der

take a knock — einen Schlag erleiden

Phrasal Verbs:

- knock about

- knock around

- knock back

- knock down

- knock off

- knock out

- knock over

- knock together

- knock up

* * *

n.

Klopfen -reien n.

Schlag -¨e m.

Stoß ¨-e m. (at) v.

klopfen (an) v.

schlagen v.

(§ p.,pp.: schlug, geschlagen)

stoßen v.

(§ p.,pp.: stieß, gestossen)

English-german dictionary > knock
14 knock

I
1. [nɒk] n

1. стук

timid [imperative, resounding] knock - робкий [требовательный, громкий] стук

to give a knock - постучаться ( в дверь)

the door opened at the first knock - дверь открыли по первому стуку

there was /came/ a double knock at the door - в дверь постучали два раза

2. удар; толчок

hard [thundering] knock - сильный [оглушительный] удар

a knock on the head - удар по голове

3. тех. детонация, стук ( в двигателе)

4. амер. разг.

1) резкая критика

2) обыкн. pl придирки, нападки, замечания

5. разг. подача мяча ( в крикете)

6. амер. разг.

1) неприятность; беда; удар ( судьбы)

2) неудача; убыток

he has taken a bad knock - он понёс большие убытки

7. сл. аукцион, продажа с молотка

♢ to get the knock - а) быть уволенным /выгнанным/ с работы, «вылететь»; б) театр. с треском провалиться; в) напиться, опьянеть

to take the knock - разориться; ≅ вылететь в трубу

2. [nɒk] v

1. 1) стучать; стучаться, постучаться

to knock sharply [hard, respectfully] - резко [громко, почтительно] стучать /стучаться/

to knock for admittance - постучать ( чтобы войти)

to knock at /on/ the door [window] - стучать в дверь [в окно]

2) разг. поднять, разбудить стуком ( в дверь; тж. knock up)

to knock sleeping people out of their beds - стуком поднять на ноги спящих

2. 1) ударять; бить, колотить

to knock the ball hard - сильно ударить по мячу

to knock one's foot against /on/ a stone - ударить /ушибить/ ногу о камень

to knock smb. on the head - а) ударить кого-л. по голове; б) разг. убить кого-л. ударом в голову, прикончить кого-л.

to knock smth. from smb.'s hand - выбить что-л. у кого-л. из рук

to knock smth. to pieces - разбить что-л. вдребезги

to knock one's head against a post - удариться головой о столб

to knock ashes out of one's pipe - выбить трубку

he knocked the bottom out of the box - он вышиб дно ящика

2) (into) вбивать

to knock a nail into a wall - вгонять гвоздь в стену

to knock smth. into smb.'s head - вбить что-л. кому-л. в голову, вдолбить что-л. кому-л.

3) (against) наталкиваться, встречать

I knocked against him in the street - я неожиданно /случайно/ наткнулся на него на улице

4) сбить

to knock smb. off his feet - сбить кого-л. с ног

the blow knocked me flat - удар сбил меня с ног

the blow knocked me senseless - от этого удара я лишился сознания

5) (into) соединить, сколотить

to knock two rooms into one - соединить две комнаты (в одну)

3. тех. работать с перебоями, стучать

4. разг. удивлять, поражать, ошеломлять

her cool impudence knocked me completely - я был сражён её наглостью и бесстыдством

5. разг. резко критиковать; придираться, нападать

he is always knocking the young - он всегда нападает на молодёжь

6. сл. арестовать, забрать

7. амер. сл.

1) добиться ( цели); обеспечить ( успех); овладеть (чем-л.)

2) хорошо подготовиться ( к экзамену); владеть ( предметом)

♢ knock on wood! - постучи по дереву!; не сглазь!

to knock at an open door - ломиться в открытую дверь

to knock one's head against a brick wall - головой стенку прошибать

to knock under board - свалиться пьяным, напиться вдрызг

to knock home - вдолбить, довести до сознания

to knock smb. into the middle of next week - а) = to knock smb. into a cocked hat б) и в); б) изумить /поразить, потрясти/ кого-л.

to knock the spots off smb. - а) исколошматить кого-л.; ≅ бить кого-л. смертным боем; б) за пояс заткнуть кого-л.

to knock smb. into a cocked hat - а) нанести поражение кому-л.; разбить чьи-л. доводы, аргументы и т. п.; б) здорово исколотить, исколошматить кого-л.; ≅ всыпать кому-л. по первое число; в) спорт. нанести решающий удар; нокаутировать противника; г) превзойти кого-л.; ≅ заткнуть кого-л. за пояс

to knock dead - приводить в восторг, особ. заставить смеяться до упаду

a comedian who really knocked them dead - комик, который их просто уморил

to knock cold - а) нокаутировать; he was knocked cold in the third round - его нокаутировали в третьем раунде; б) избить; в) ошеломить, изумить

to knock for a loop - а) победить, разбить наголову

he knocked his opponent for a loop - он легко справился /разделался/ с противником; б) уничтожить; it knocked his faith in human nature for a loop - это убило в нём веру в человека; в) произвести огромное впечатление; ≅ убить (всех)

to knock the bottom /the stuffing/ out of smb.'s theories [arguments] - опровергнуть /разбить/ чьи-л. теории [аргументы]

to knock smb. off his pins - ошеломить кого-л.

to knock a plan on the head - сорвать план

to knock all of a heap, to knock for six - ошеломить, привести в крайнее изумление
II [nɒk] n
1. холм, бугор

2. диал. песчаная отмель

НБАРС > knock
15 knock

[nɒk, Am nɑ:k] n

1) ( sound) Klopfen nt;

‘\knock \knock’ „klopf, klopf“;

to give a \knock at [or on] the door an der Tür klopfen;

there was a \knock on the door es hat [an der Tür] geklopft

2) ( blow) Schlag m, Stoß m;

he received a nasty \knock on the head er bekam einen bösen Schlag auf den Kopf;

the school of hard \knocks eine harte Schule;

to have learned everything in the school of hard \knocks [im Leben] durch eine harte Schule gegangen sein;

to take a \knock ( fam) einen [Schicksals]schlag erleiden; confidence einen Knacks bekommen ( fam)

to be able to take a lot of \knocks viel einstecken können ( fam) vi

1) ( hit) klopfen;

a rope \knocked against the side of the ship ein Seil schlug gegen die Schiffswand;

to \knock at the door/ on the window an die Tür/ans Fenster klopfen

2) tech engine, pipes klopfen

3) ( be approaching)

to be \knocking on 40/50/60 auf die 40/50/60 zugehen

PHRASES:

sb's knees are \knocking jdm schlottern die Knie;

\knock on wood (Am, Aus) dreimal auf Holz klopfen vt

1) ( hit)

to \knock sth gegen etw akk stoßen;

to \knock sb jdm einen Schlag versetzen;

( less hard) jdm einen Stoß versetzen;

he \knocked my arm er stieß gegen meinen Arm;

to \knock a hole/ nail into the wall ein Loch/einen Nagel in die Wand schlagen;

to \knock sb to the ground jdn zu Boden werfen;

to \knock sb unconscious [or senseless] jdn bewusstlos schlagen

2) ( drive)

to \knock sth out of sb jdm etw austreiben;

to \knock some of the arrogance out of sb jdn von seinem hohen Ross herunterholen;

to \knock the bottom out of sth etw zusammenbrechen lassen;

to \knock some [or a bit of] sense into sb jdn zur Vernunft bringen

3) (fam: criticize)

to \knock sb/ sth jdn/etw schlechtmachen ( fam)

don't \knock it till you've tried it mach es nicht schon runter, bevor du es überhaupt ausprobiert hast ( fam)

PHRASES:

to \knock sth on the head (Brit, Aus) ( stop sth) etw dat ein Ende bereiten [o ( fam) abblasen]; ( complete sth) etw zu Ende bringen;

to \knock an idea/plan on the head (Brit, Aus) einen Gedanken/Plan verwerfen;

to \knock sb sideways [or (Brit a.) for six] jdn umhauen (sl)

to \knock [the] spots off sb/ sth ( Brit) jdn/etw in den Schatten stellen [o ( fam) in die Tasche stecken]; sports jdn/etw um Längen schlagen;

to \knock 'em dead (Am) ( fam) jdn von den Sitzen reißen ( fam), es jdm zeigen ( fam)

okay, son, go and \knock 'em dead! also los, Junge, geh und zeig's ihnen! ( fam)

English-German students dictionary > knock
16 knock

I n infml
1)

He will have to take a lot of knocks — Ему придется выслушать много нелестных слов в свой адрес

She likes praise but can't stand the knocks — Она любит, когда ее хвалят, и не выносит критики

The American space program has taken some hard knocks recently — В последнее время американская космическая программа подвергалась серьезным нападкам

2)

Her confidence took a knock — Ее уверенность была поколеблена

His pride took a knock — Это был удар по его самолюбию

3)

He's taken quite a few knocks lately — В последнее время ему просто не везет

He's taken a bad knock — Его финансы здорово пошатнулись

You must be able to take hard knocks in this business — В этом деле очень легко набить себе шишки, и ты должен быть к этому готов

She has taken some hard knocks in her life — Жизнь ее тоже поломала в свое время

4)

It's a big knock to the family to have him hanging around — Для всей семьи большое неудобство, что он здесь крутится

5) AmE

They love to sing so much that they get their knocks that way — Они так любят петь, что получают от этого истинное удовольствие
II vt
1) infml

He was always knocking those in authority — Он всегда критиковал власти

Why must you always knock my behaviour? — Почему ты всегда придираешься к тому, как я себя веду?

If you don't know it, don't knock it — Если ты не знаешь, то зря не говори

Why knock our goods, you ought to boost them — Зачем критиковать нашу продукцию - ты должен ее рекламировать

2) AmE infml

Knock me a kiss — Поцелуй меня

3) BrE sl

His remarks really knocked me — Его слова меня ошеломили

Her impudence knocked me completely — Я офонарел от такого ее нахальства

What knocks me most is her ignorance — Меня больше всего поражает ее невежество

The new dictionary of modern spoken language > knock
17 hard

1. adjective
1) (firm; solid; not easy to break, scratch etc: The ground is too hard to dig.) duro; sólido

2) (not easy to do, learn, solve etc: Is English a hard language to learn?; He is a hard man to please.) difícil

3) (not feeling or showing kindness: a hard master.) severo; rudo; seco

4) ((of weather) severe: a hard winter.) duro, severo, riguroso

5) (having or causing suffering: a hard life; hard times.) duro, difícil

6) ((of water) containing many chemical salts and so not easily forming bubbles when soap is added: The water is hard in this part of the country.) dura

2. adverb
1) (with great effort: He works very hard; Think hard.) duro, con ahínco

2) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) fuerte, fuertemente

3) (with great attention: He stared hard at the man.) fijamente

4) (to the full extent; completely: The car turned hard right.) completamente, totalmente

•

- harden
- hardness
- hardship
- hard-and-fast
- hard-back
- hard-boiled
- harddisk
- hard-earned
- hard-headed
- hard-hearted
- hardware
- hard-wearing
- be hard on
- hard at it
- hard done by
- hard lines/luck
- hard of hearing
- a hard time of it
- a hard time
- hard up

hard¹ adj

1. duro

diamonds are very hard los diamantes son muy duros

2. difícil

it's hard to answer that question es difícil contestar a esa pregunta

hard² adv

1. mucho

it's snowing hard está nevando mucho

he works very hard trabaja mucho

2. duro / fuerte

hit him hard! ¡pégale duro!

hard

tr[hɑːd]

adjective

1 (gen) duro,-a; (solid) sólido,-a

2 (difficult) difícil

3 (harsh) severo,-a

4 (work) arduo,-a, penoso,-a, agotador,-ra

5 figurative use cruel, rudo,-a

6 (fight, match) reñido,-a, disputado,-a; (decision) injusto,-a

7 (fact) innegable; (luck) malo,-a

8 (final decision) definitivo,-a, irrevocable; (person) severo,-a, inflexible

9 SMALLLINGUISTICS/SMALL fuerte

adverb

1 (forcibly) fuerte; (diligently) mucho, de firme, concienzudamente, con ahínco

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

hard of hearing duro,-a de oído

to be hard done by sentirse mal tratado,-a, ser tratado,-a injustamente

to be hard hit by figurative use quedar muy afectado,-a por

to be hard on somebody figurative use tratar a alguien con severidad, tratar a alguien con dureza

to be hard on somebody's heels figurative use pisar los talones a alguien

to be hard pushed to do something figurative use verse apurado,-a para realizar algo

to be hard up familiar estar sin blanca

to drive a hard bargain figurative use negociar con dureza

to have a hard time familiar pasarlo canutas, pasarlo mal

to take something very hard tomar algo muy a pecho, encajar algo muy mal

to work hard trabajar mucho

hard core (group) núcleo 2 (material) lecho de grava

hard drinker bebedor,-ra empedernido,-a

hard evidence pruebas nombre femenino plural definitivas

hard labour trabajos nombre masculino plural forzados

hard luck mala suerte

hard shoulder arcén nombre masculino

hard ['hɑrd] adv

1) forcefully: fuerte, con fuerza

the wind blew hard: el viento sopló fuerte

2) strenuously: duro, mucho

to work hard: trabajar duro

3)

to take something hard : tomarse algo muy mal, estar muy afectado por algo

hard adj

1) firm, solid: duro, firme, sólido

2) difficult: difícil, arduo

3) severe: severo, duro

a hard winter: un invierno severo

4) unfeeling: insensible, duro

5) diligent: diligente

to be a hard worker: ser muy trabajador

6)

hard liquor : bebidas fpl fuertes

7)

hard water : agua f dura

hard

adj.

• arduo, -a adj.

• calloso, -a adj.

• dificultoso, -a adj.

• difícil adj.

• duro, -a adj.

• endurecido, -a adj.

• firme adj.

• fuerte adj.

• laborioso, -a adj.

• peliagudo, -a adj.

• recio, -a adj.

• rudo, -a adj.

• sólido, -a adj.

• terco, -a adj.

• tieso, -a adj.

adv.

• apretadamente adv.

• difícilmente adv.

• duro adv.

• mucho adv.

• recio adv.

• tieso adv.

I hɑːrd, hɑːd
adjective -er, -est

1)

a) (firm, solid) <object/surface> duro

to set hard — endurecerse*

to freeze hard — helarse*

b) ( forceful) <push/knock> fuerte

2)

a) ( difficult) <question/subject> difícil; < task> arduo

hard to come by — difícil de conseguir

he's hard to please — es difícil de complacer, es exigente

I find that hard to believe — me cuesta creerlo

to learn something the hard way — aprender algo a base de cometer errores

b) ( severe) <winter/climate/master> duro, severo

to give somebody a hard time — hacérselas* pasar mal a alguien

these are hard times we're living in — vivimos tiempos difíciles

don't be too hard on him — no seas demasiado duro con él

hard luck — mala suerte

c) (tough, cynical) <person/attitude> duro, insensible

3) (concentrated, strenuous)

to take a long hard look at something — analizar* seriamente algo

children are very hard work — los niños dan mucho trabajo

he's a hard worker — es muy trabajador

4) ( definite) < evidence> concluyente

5) (sharp, harsh) <light/voice> fuerte; < expression> duro

6)

a) ( in strongest forms)

hard drugs — drogas fpl duras

hard liquor — bebidas fpl (alcohólicas) fuertes

hard porn — porno m duro

b) ( Fin)

hard cash — dinero m contante y sonante, efectivo m

hard currency — divisa f or moneda f fuerte

c) < water> duro

d) ( Ling) <sound/consonant> fuerte

II

adverb -er, -est

1)

a) ( with force) <pull/push> con fuerza; < hit> fuerte

b) ( strenuously) < work> mucho, duro, duramente

I was hard at work — estaba concentrado en mi trabajo

he works his students very hard — hace trabajar mucho a sus alumnos

no matter how hard I try — por más que me esfuerzo

think hard before you decide — piénsalo muy bien antes de decidir

to be hard put o (BrE also) pushed to + inf: you'd be hard put (to it) to find a better doctor — sería difícil encontrar un médico mejor

c) ( intently) < listen> atentamente, con atención

2) ( heavily) <rain/snow> fuerte, mucho; <pant/breathe> pesadamente

3) ( severely)

the southern states have been hardest hit — los estados del sur han sido los más afectados

her death hit him very hard — su muerte fue un duro golpe para él

to take something hard — tomarse algo muy mal

to be/feel hard done by: she thinks she has been o she feels hard done by — piensa que la han tratado injustamente

[hɑːd]
1. ADJ
(compar harder) (superl hardest)
1) (=not soft) [object, substance, cheese, skin] duro; [ground, snow] duro, compacto

• baked hard — endurecido (al sol o en el horno)

• to become or go hard — ponerse duro, endurecerse

• the water is very hard here — aquí el agua es muy dura or tiene mucha cal

- be as hard as nails

- as hard as a rock
nut
2) (=harsh, severe) [climate, winter, person] duro, severo; [frost] fuerte; [words, tone] duro, áspero; [expression, eyes, voice] serio, duro; [drink, liquor] fuerte; [drugs] duro; [fact] concreto; [evidence] irrefutable

• a hard blow — (fig) un duro golpe

• to take a long hard look at sth — examinar algo detenidamente

• to be hard on sb — ser muy duro con algn, darle duro a algn (LAm)

don't be so hard on him, it's not his fault — no seas tan duro con él, no es culpa suya

aren't you being a bit hard on yourself? — ¿no estás siendo un poco duro contigo mismo?

to be hard on one's clothes — destrozar la ropa

the light was hard on the eyes — la luz hacía daño a los ojos

- be as hard as nails
feeling
3) (=strenuous, tough) [work, day] duro; [fight, match] muy reñido

gardening is hard work — arreglar el jardín es un trabajo duro

phew, that was hard work! — ¡uf!, ¡ha costado lo suyo!

he's not afraid of hard work — el trabajo duro no le asusta

coping with three babies is very hard work — tres bebés dan mucha tarea or mucho trabajo, arreglárselas con tres bebés es una dura or ardua tarea

it's hard work getting her to talk about herself — cuesta mucho or resulta muy trabajoso hacerla hablar sobre sí misma

to be a hard worker — ser muy trabajador(a)

4) (=difficult) [exam, decision, choice] difícil

to be hard to do: it's hard to study on your own — es difícil estudiar por tu cuenta

he found it hard to make friends — le resultaba difícil hacer amigos

I find it hard to believe that... — me cuesta (trabajo) creer que...

bloodstains are hard to remove — las manchas de sangre son difíciles de quitar

to be hard to come by — ser difícil de conseguir

that is a very hard question to answer — esa es una pregunta muy difícil de responder

to be hard to deal with — ser de trato difícil

to be hard to please — ser muy exigente or quisquilloso

• to be hard of hearing — ser duro de oído

• he's learning the hard way — está aprendiendo a base de cometer errores

we shall have to do it the hard way — tendremos que hacerlo a pulso
bargain, play 3., 4)
5) (=tough, unpleasant) [life, times] duro

it's a hard life! — ¡qué vida más dura!

those were hard times to live in — aquellos eran tiempos duros, la vida era dura en aquellos tiempos

her family had fallen on hard times — su familia estaba pasando por dificultades económicas

to have a hard time — pasarlo mal

to have a hard time doing sth — tener problemas para hacer algo

to give sb a hard time — hacérselo pasar mal a algn

- take a hard line against/over sth

- hard lines

hard lines! — ¡qué mala suerte!, ¡qué mala pata! *
going, hard-line, hard-liner
6) (=forceful) [push, tug, kick] fuerte

7) (Phon, Ling) [sound] fuerte; [consonant] oclusivo

2. ADV
(compar harder) (superl hardest)
1) (=with a lot of effort) [work] duro, mucho; [study] mucho

he had worked hard all his life — había trabajado duro or mucho toda su vida

he works very hard — trabaja muy duro, trabaja mucho

she works hard at keeping herself fit — se esfuerza mucho por mantenerse en forma

he was hard at work in the garden — estaba trabajando afanosamente or con ahínco en el jardín

• he was breathing hard — respiraba con dificultad

• we're saving hard for our holidays — estamos ahorrando todo lo que podemos para las vacaciones, estamos ahorrando al máximo para las vacaciones

• to try hard, she always tries hard — siempre se esfuerza mucho

I can't do it, no matter how hard I try — no puedo hacerlo, por mucho que lo intente

to try one's hardest to do sth — esforzarse al máximo por hacer algo

maybe you're trying too hard — a lo mejor tienes que tomártelo con más calma

to be hard at it —

Bill was hard at it in the garden * — Bill se estaba empleando a fondo en el jardín, Bill estaba dándole duro al jardín *

2) (=with force) [hit] fuerte, duro; [pull, push, blow] con fuerza; [snow, rain] fuerte, mucho

she pushed the wardrobe as hard as she could — empujó el armario con todas sus fuerzas

• the government decided to clamp down hard on terrorism — el gobierno decidió tomar medidas duras contra el terrorismo

• she was feeling hard done by — pensaba que la habían tratado injustamente

• hard hit — seriamente afectado

to hit sb hard — (fig) ser un duro golpe para algn

California has been (particularly) hard hit by the crisis — California (en particular) se ha visto seriamente afectada por la crisis

• I would be hard pushed or put to think of another plan — me resultaría difícil pensar en otro plan

we'll be hard pushed or put to finish this tonight! — ¡nos va a ser difícil terminar esto esta noche!

• to take sth hard — tomarse algo muy mal *

he took it pretty hard — se lo tomó muy mal, fue un duro golpe para él, le golpeó mucho (LAm)

• to be hard up * — estar pelado *, no tener un duro (Sp) *

to be hard up for sth — estar falto or escaso de algo
hard-pressed
3) (=solid)

• to freeze hard — quedarse congelado

• to set hard — [cement etc] fraguar, endurecerse

4) (=intently) [listen] atentamente; [concentrate] al máximo

• to look hard (at sth) — fijarse mucho (en algo)

• think hard before you make a decision — piénsalo muy bien antes de tomar una decisión

I thought hard but I couldn't remember his name — por más que pensé or por más vueltas que le di no pude recordar su nombre

5) (=sharply)

• hard a-port/ a-starboard — (Naut) todo a babor/estribor

• to turn hard left/ right — girar todo a la izquierda/derecha

6) (=closely)

• hard behind sth — justo detrás de algo

I hurried upstairs with my sister hard behind me — subí las escaleras corriendo con mi hermana que venía justo detrás

• hard upon sth — (=just after) justo después de algo

the launch of the book followed hard upon the success of the film — el lanzamiento del libro se produjo justo después del éxito de la película
heel
3.

CPD

hard cash N — dinero m contante y sonante, (dinero m en) efectivo m

hard centre, hard center (US) N — relleno m duro

hard cider (US) N — sidra f

hard copy N — (Comput) copia f impresa

the hard core N — (=intransigents) los incondicionales, el núcleo duro
hard-core
hard court N — (Tennis) cancha f (de tenis) de cemento, pista f (de tenis) de cemento

hard currency N — moneda f fuerte, divisa f fuerte

hard disk N — (Comput) disco m duro

hard goods NPL — productos mpl no perecederos

hard hat N — (=riding hat) gorra f de montar; [of construction worker] casco m; (=construction worker) albañil mf

hard labour, hard labor (US) N — trabajos mpl forzados

hard landing N — aterrizaje m duro

the hard left N — (esp Brit) la extrema izquierda, la izquierda radical

hard luck N — mala suerte f

we had a bit of hard luck this season — hemos tenido un poco de mala suerte esta temporada

• to be hard luck on sb, it was hard luck on him — tuvo mala suerte

hard luck! — ¡(qué) mala suerte!

hard news N — noticias fpl fidedignas

hard palate N — paladar m

hard porn * N — porno m duro

the hard right N — (esp Brit) la extrema derecha, la derecha radical

hard rock N — (Mus) rock m duro

hard sell N — venta f agresiva

hard sell tactics — táctica fsing de venta agresiva

hard sell techniques — técnicas fpl de venta agresiva

hard shoulder N — (Brit) (Aut) arcén m, hombrillo m

hard stuff * N — (=alcohol) alcohol m duro, bebidas fpl fuertes; (=drugs) droga f dura

he fancied a drop of the hard stuff — le apetecía una copita de algo fuerte

hard top N — (=car) coche m no descapotable; (=car roof) techo m rígido

hard water N — agua f dura, agua f con mucha cal

* * *

I [hɑːrd, hɑːd]
adjective -er, -est

1)

a) (firm, solid) <object/surface> duro

to set hard — endurecerse*

to freeze hard — helarse*

b) ( forceful) <push/knock> fuerte

2)

a) ( difficult) <question/subject> difícil; < task> arduo

hard to come by — difícil de conseguir

he's hard to please — es difícil de complacer, es exigente

I find that hard to believe — me cuesta creerlo

to learn something the hard way — aprender algo a base de cometer errores

b) ( severe) <winter/climate/master> duro, severo

to give somebody a hard time — hacérselas* pasar mal a alguien

these are hard times we're living in — vivimos tiempos difíciles

don't be too hard on him — no seas demasiado duro con él

hard luck — mala suerte

c) (tough, cynical) <person/attitude> duro, insensible

3) (concentrated, strenuous)

to take a long hard look at something — analizar* seriamente algo

children are very hard work — los niños dan mucho trabajo

he's a hard worker — es muy trabajador

4) ( definite) < evidence> concluyente

5) (sharp, harsh) <light/voice> fuerte; < expression> duro

6)

a) ( in strongest forms)

hard drugs — drogas fpl duras

hard liquor — bebidas fpl (alcohólicas) fuertes

hard porn — porno m duro

b) ( Fin)

hard cash — dinero m contante y sonante, efectivo m

hard currency — divisa f or moneda f fuerte

c) < water> duro

d) ( Ling) <sound/consonant> fuerte

II

adverb -er, -est

1)

a) ( with force) <pull/push> con fuerza; < hit> fuerte

b) ( strenuously) < work> mucho, duro, duramente

I was hard at work — estaba concentrado en mi trabajo

he works his students very hard — hace trabajar mucho a sus alumnos

no matter how hard I try — por más que me esfuerzo

think hard before you decide — piénsalo muy bien antes de decidir

to be hard put o (BrE also) pushed to + inf: you'd be hard put (to it) to find a better doctor — sería difícil encontrar un médico mejor

c) ( intently) < listen> atentamente, con atención

2) ( heavily) <rain/snow> fuerte, mucho; <pant/breathe> pesadamente

3) ( severely)

the southern states have been hardest hit — los estados del sur han sido los más afectados

her death hit him very hard — su muerte fue un duro golpe para él

to take something hard — tomarse algo muy mal

to be/feel hard done by: she thinks she has been o she feels hard done by — piensa que la han tratado injustamente

English-spanish dictionary > hard
18 hard

[hɑːd] 1.
aggettivo

1) (firm) [consistency, object] duro; [skin, paint, mud] indurito

to go o grow o become hard — indurirsi

2) (difficult) [problem, question] difficile, complesso; [choice, decision] difficile, sofferto; (demanding) [task, training] duro, arduo; [ study] impegnativo; [ fight] duro, accanito

I've had a hard day — ho avuto una giornata dura

to be hard to open, find — essere difficile da aprire, da trovare

he's hard to please — è difficile da accontentare, è molto esigente

his choice was hard for me to understand — fu difficile per me comprendere la sua scelta

to find it hard to do sth. — avere difficoltà a fare qcs.

it's hard to accept, believe — è difficile accettare, credere ( that che)

I'm not afraid of hard work — il lavoro duro o la fatica non mi spaventa

it was hard work (doing) — è stata dura (fare)

to be a hard worker — [ student] essere uno sgobbone; [ worker] essere un gran lavoratore

to do things the hard way — complicarsi la vita

to find sth. out o learn sth. the hard way — imparare qcs. a proprie spese

3) (harsh) [life, year, time] difficile; [ blow] duro, brutto; [climate, winter] rigido

to be hard on sb. — essere duro, severo con qcn.

this tax is very hard on the unemployed — questa tassa grava molto sui disoccupati

hard luck o lines! BE colloq. (sympathetic) che sfortuna! (unsympathetic) tanto peggio! to take a hard line seguire la linea dura (on sth. in qcs.); it's a hard life! scherz. iron. dura la vita! to fall on hard times cadere in miseria, andare a finire male; to give sb. a hard time — colloq. (make things difficult) rendere la vita difficile a qcn.; (tell off) dare una lavata di capo a qcn

4) (stern) [ person] severo; [ look] arcigno; [voice, words] duro, aspro; [ heart] duro, di pietra

5) (forceful) [push, knock] forte, violento

6) (concrete) [ evidence] concreto; [ news] certo, fondato

the hard facts about sth. — la verità nuda e cruda su qcs

7) (stark) [colour, sound, light] forte, violento

8) (strong) [ liquor] forte; [ drug] pesante; [ pornography] hard

to be a hard drinker — essere un forte bevitore

9) pol.

the hard left, right — l'estrema sinistra, destra

10) chim. [ water] duro

11) ling. [ consonant] duro

12) colloq. (tough)

so you think you're hard, do you? — credi di essere un duro, vero?

13) econ. [ currency] forte
2.
avverbio

1) [push, laugh] forte; [ work] duro, sodo; [ study] molto, sodo; [ rain] forte, a dirotto; [ snow] fitto; [ look] intensamente; [ listen] attentamente

to be hard hit — fig. essere duramente colpito

think hard! — pensaci bene!

to try hard — sforzarsi

no matter how hard I try, I... — per quanto ci provi, io...

to be hard at it — colloq. o

at work — darci dentro o lavorare sodo

to take sth. (very) hard — prendere (molto) male qcs

2) (with directions)

turn hard left at the traffic lights — al semaforo giri tutto a sinistra

3) (indicating proximity)

hard behind — subito o immediatamente dietro

••

to play hard to get — fare il prezioso, farsi desiderare

to be hard put to do — trovarsi in grande difficoltà a fare

to be, feel hard done by — essere, sentirsi trattato male

* * *
1. adjective
1) (firm; solid; not easy to break, scratch etc: The ground is too hard to dig.) duro

2) (not easy to do, learn, solve etc: Is English a hard language to learn?; He is a hard man to please.) difficile

3) (not feeling or showing kindness: a hard master.) duro

4) ((of weather) severe: a hard winter.) duro, rigido

5) (having or causing suffering: a hard life; hard times.) difficile, duro

6) ((of water) containing many chemical salts and so not easily forming bubbles when soap is added: The water is hard in this part of the country.) duro
2. adverb
1) (with great effort: He works very hard; Think hard.) sodo; attentamente

2) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) forte

3) (with great attention: He stared hard at the man.) intensamente

4) (to the full extent; completely: The car turned hard right.) totalmente

•

- harden
- hardness
- hardship
- hard-and-fast
- hard-back
- hard-boiled
- harddisk
- hard-earned
- hard-headed
- hard-hearted
- hardware
- hard-wearing
- be hard on
- hard at it
- hard done by
- hard lines/luck
- hard of hearing
- a hard time of it
- a hard time
- hard up
* * *
[hɑːd] 1.
aggettivo

1) (firm) [consistency, object] duro; [skin, paint, mud] indurito

to go o grow o become hard — indurirsi

2) (difficult) [problem, question] difficile, complesso; [choice, decision] difficile, sofferto; (demanding) [task, training] duro, arduo; [ study] impegnativo; [ fight] duro, accanito

I've had a hard day — ho avuto una giornata dura

to be hard to open, find — essere difficile da aprire, da trovare

he's hard to please — è difficile da accontentare, è molto esigente

his choice was hard for me to understand — fu difficile per me comprendere la sua scelta

to find it hard to do sth. — avere difficoltà a fare qcs.

it's hard to accept, believe — è difficile accettare, credere ( that che)

I'm not afraid of hard work — il lavoro duro o la fatica non mi spaventa

it was hard work (doing) — è stata dura (fare)

to be a hard worker — [ student] essere uno sgobbone; [ worker] essere un gran lavoratore

to do things the hard way — complicarsi la vita

to find sth. out o learn sth. the hard way — imparare qcs. a proprie spese

3) (harsh) [life, year, time] difficile; [ blow] duro, brutto; [climate, winter] rigido

to be hard on sb. — essere duro, severo con qcn.

this tax is very hard on the unemployed — questa tassa grava molto sui disoccupati

hard luck o lines! BE colloq. (sympathetic) che sfortuna! (unsympathetic) tanto peggio! to take a hard line seguire la linea dura (on sth. in qcs.); it's a hard life! scherz. iron. dura la vita! to fall on hard times cadere in miseria, andare a finire male; to give sb. a hard time — colloq. (make things difficult) rendere la vita difficile a qcn.; (tell off) dare una lavata di capo a qcn

4) (stern) [ person] severo; [ look] arcigno; [voice, words] duro, aspro; [ heart] duro, di pietra

5) (forceful) [push, knock] forte, violento

6) (concrete) [ evidence] concreto; [ news] certo, fondato

the hard facts about sth. — la verità nuda e cruda su qcs

7) (stark) [colour, sound, light] forte, violento

8) (strong) [ liquor] forte; [ drug] pesante; [ pornography] hard

to be a hard drinker — essere un forte bevitore

9) pol.

the hard left, right — l'estrema sinistra, destra

10) chim. [ water] duro

11) ling. [ consonant] duro

12) colloq. (tough)

so you think you're hard, do you? — credi di essere un duro, vero?

13) econ. [ currency] forte
2.
avverbio

1) [push, laugh] forte; [ work] duro, sodo; [ study] molto, sodo; [ rain] forte, a dirotto; [ snow] fitto; [ look] intensamente; [ listen] attentamente

to be hard hit — fig. essere duramente colpito

think hard! — pensaci bene!

to try hard — sforzarsi

no matter how hard I try, I... — per quanto ci provi, io...

to be hard at it — colloq. o

at work — darci dentro o lavorare sodo

to take sth. (very) hard — prendere (molto) male qcs

2) (with directions)

turn hard left at the traffic lights — al semaforo giri tutto a sinistra

3) (indicating proximity)

hard behind — subito o immediatamente dietro

••

to play hard to get — fare il prezioso, farsi desiderare

to be hard put to do — trovarsi in grande difficoltà a fare

to be, feel hard done by — essere, sentirsi trattato male

English-Italian dictionary > hard
19 knock

1. I
abs

come in, don't knock входите, можете не стучать; knock before you open the door не входите, не постучавши (сь)
2. II
knock in some manner knock sharply (clamourously, deliberately, accidentally, respectfully, irritably, thunderously, startingly, etc.) резко и т. д. стучать /ударять, бить/; the engine is knocking badly мотор сильно стучит
3. III
1) knock smth. knock one's leg (one's elbow, one's head, etc.) ударить ногу и т. д.

2) knock smb. sl. what knocks me is his impudence его нахальство поражает меня; that knocks me! это потрясающе!

3) knock smth. USA sl. knock everything (one's own town, one's country, etc.) критиковать /поносить/ все и т. д.
4. IV
knock smb. in some manner sl. his impudence knocked me completely его нахальство совершенно ошеломило меня; what knocks me most is his ignorance in such a matter больше всего меня убивает его невежество в таких вопросах
5. VI
knock smb. into some state knock smb. flat (senseless, cold, etc.) сбить кого-л. с ног (гак, чтобы тот упал плашмя) и т. д., the news knocked me flat известие ошеломило меня
6. XVI
knock against smth. knock against a table (against the pavement, against the rock, etc.) удариться /стукнуться/ о стол и т. д.; knock against smb. I knocked against X yesterday in the street я вчера повстречал X на улице; who do you think I knocked against in the post office this morning? как вы думаете, с кем я столкнулся сегодня утром на почте?; knock at /on/ smth. knock at the door (on a window, etc.) стучаться) в дверь и т. д., he knocked softly (gently, hard, etc.) on her door он тихонько и т. д. постучал в ее дверь; cruel, biting poverty knocks at the door жестокая, горькая нищета стучится к нам в дверь
7. XXI1
1) knock smth. against (on) smth. knock one's head against a post (one's head on the pavement, one's head against the wall, etc.) ударить голову /удариться головой/ о столб и т. д.; knock smth. off smth. knock the ash off the cigar (a book off the table, a wasp off one's head, etc.) сбить /смахнуть/ пепел с сигары и т. д.; knock smth., smb. from /out of/ (into, in, off, etc.) smth. knock smth. from /out of/ smb.'s hands выбить что-л. у кого-л. из рук; knock the ash out of one's pipe выбить /вытряхнуть/ пепел из трубки; knock the bottom out of the box выбить дно у ящика; he knocked the bottom out of her argument он опроверг ее доводы; her death knocked the bottom of his world ее смерть сломила его; knock a hole in a wall пробить отверстие в стене; knock the ball into the next field так стукнуть по мячу, что он залетит в чужое поле; I knocked it into his head that... coll. я все-таки вбил ему в голову, что...; knock the vase off the shelf уронить /сбросить/ вазу с полки; knock the cup off the table смахнуть чашку со стола; knock smb. off his feet сбить кого-л. с ног; knock smb. on smth. knock smb. on the head стукнуть /ударить/ кого-л. по голове

2) knock smth. off smth. knock two shillings off the bill сбросить /скостить/ два шиллинга со счета; will you please knock something off the price? пожалуйста, сбавьте немного цену; he knocked 10 seconds off the record он улучшил рекорд на десять секунд

English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > knock
20 knock

[nɔk] 1. гл.
1) стучать, барабанить

to knock loudly — громко стучать

to knock at / on the door — стучать в дверь

We have knocked double-knocks at the street-door. — Мы дважды постучали во входную дверь.

I've been knocking away for ages, but nobody has answered the door. — Я стучал целую вечность, но никто так и не открыл дверь.

2)

а) ударять, бить, колотить

to knock smb. unconscious — выбить из кого-либо дух, вырубить кого-либо

to knock to pieces — разбить вдребезги

б) = knock about / around пинать, гонять ( мяч)

There's nothing to do here; let's go into that field and knock a ball about for an hour or so. — Здесь нечего делать; пойдём на то поле, попинаем мяч с часок.

в) ( knock into) = knock in вбивать во (что-л.)

to knock a nail in — вбить гвоздь

Syn:

hit, kick in

г) ( knock down) опрокидывать, сбивать

to knock over a lamp — опрокинуть лампу

Jim was knocked down by a bus. — Джим был сбит автобусом.

д) ( knock off) сбрасывать, сталкивать

Just when I had put the glass safely down on the table, the cat jumped up and knocked it off. — Только-только я поставил стакан на стол, как туда запрыгнула кошка и столкнула его на пол.

е) ( knock out) выбивать, вытряхивать

Knock the ash out before you refill your pipe. — Прежде чем заново набить трубку, вытряхните из неё пепел.

ж) ( knock up) подбросить, толкнуть вверх

A man in the crowd knocked my arm up and I dropped my bag. — Человек в толпе двинул мне по руке и выхватил у меня сумку.

3) = knock together резко ударяться, стукаться; сталкиваться; неожиданно встречаться

Syn:

bump I 2., clash 1., collide

4) разг. поражать, ошеломлять

Wasn't she in pantomime? Bet she knocked them. — А она участвовала в пантомиме? Бьюсь об заклад, она их ошеломила.

The unexpected news fairly knocked me back. — Неожиданная новость просто ошеломила меня.

Her beauty knocked out every man in the room. — Её красота ошеломила всех мужчин в комнате.

Syn:

bowl out

5) груб. трахать; обрюхатить

I've knocked some girls in my time but I've never had such a rabbiter as you. — Каких я только девиц не трахал в своей жизни, но такой похотливой бабы, как ты, ещё не встречал.

6) амер.; разг. резко критиковать; наезжать, нападать

I shouldn't like you to get the idea I'm trying to knock Portugal and the Portuguese. — Мне бы не хотелось, чтобы ты думал, будто я качу бочку на Португалию и португальцев.

7) работать с перебоями, стучать ( о двигателе)

•

- knock about
- knock back
- knock down
- knock in
- knock off
- knock on
- knock out
- knock over
- knock through
- knock together
- knock under
- knock up
••

to knock smb. off his pins — ошеломить кого-л.

to knock their heads together — привести в чувство, заставить образумиться

to knock one's head against a brick wall — прошибать стенку головой

to knock smb. into a cocked hat — исколошматить кого-л., одолеть кого-л., нанести поражение (кому-л.); разбить в пух и прах; превзойти, затмить

to knock smb. into the middle of next week — всыпать кому-л. по первое число; потрясти, ошеломить кого-л.

- knock home
- knock the bottom out of
- knock on the head
- knock the spots off 2. сущ.
1) удар

The bag have tough exterior materials to protect its contents against knocks, rain and dust. — У сумки плотная наружная ткань, чтобы предохранить ее содержимое от ударов, дождя и пыли.

Syn:

blow I

2) стук ( в дверь); шум

gentle knock — тихий стук

knock at the door — стук в дверь

to give a knock — постучаться ( в дверь)

Syn:

rap I 1.

3) разг. удар, неприятность, неудача

to take the knock — потерпеть неудачу; получить моральный удар

He's taken quite a few hard knocks lately. — В последнее время его постиг ряд серьёзных неудач.

Syn:

setback

4) ( knocks) амер.; разг. придирки, нападки; резкая критика

He likes praise but can't stand the knocks. — Он любит похвалу, но не выносит критики.

5) тех. детонация

engine knock — стук в двигателе

6) разг. совокупление, половой акт

to be on the knock — заниматься проституцией

••

- get the knock

Англо-русский современный словарь > knock

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

Hard Knock Life (Ghetto Anthem) — Infobox Single Name = Hard Knock Life (Ghetto Anthem) Artist = Jay Z from Album = Vol. 2... Hard Knock Life B side = Released = January 26, 1999 Format = 12 inch single, Cassette, CD, Vinyl Recorded = Genre = East Coast hip hop Length = 3:58… … Wikipedia
Vol. 2... Hard Knock Life — Infobox Album Name = Vol. 2... Hard Knock Life Type = Studio Artist = Jay Z Released = September 29, 1998 (US) Recorded = 1997 1998 Genre = East Coast hip hop Length = Label = Roc A Fella Records Def Jam Recordings Producer = Swizz Beatz, DJ… … Wikipedia
Vol. 2: Hard Knock Life — Album par Jay Z Sortie 29 septembre 1998 Enregistrement … Wikipédia en Français
Vol. 2: hard knock life — Album par Jay Z Sortie 29 septembre 1998 États Unis Enregistrement … Wikipédia en Français
Vol. 2: Hard Knock Life — Álbum de Jay Z Lanzado el 29 de septiembre de 1998 Grabado: 1998 Género Rap Duración: ?? Sello … Wikipedia Español
hard-knock — /hahrd nok /, adj. beset with hardship. * * * … Universalium
hard-knock — /hahrd nok /, adj. beset with hardship … Useful english dictionary
take a (hard) knock — take a (hard, nasty, etc.) ˈknock idiom to have an experience that makes sb/sth less confident or successful; to be damaged • Industry in the area has taken a knock with the closure of two factories. • Her confidence took a further knock when she … Useful english dictionary
knock — [näk] vi. [ME knokken < OE cnocian, akin to ON knoka, MHG knochen, to press < echoic base > KNACK] 1. to strike a blow or blows with the fist or some hard object; esp., to rap on a door 2. to bump; collide; clash 3. to make a thumping,… … English World dictionary
knock — ► VERB 1) strike a surface noisily to attract attention. 2) collide forcefully with. 3) force to move or fall with a collision or blow. 4) make (a hole, dent, etc.) in something by striking it. 5) informal criticize. 6) (of a motor) make a… … English terms dictionary
Knock — (n[o^]k), v. t. 1. To strike with something hard or heavy; to move by striking; to drive (a thing) against something; as, to knock a ball with a bat; to knock the head against a post; to knock a lamp off the table. [1913 Webster] When heroes… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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a hard knock

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a hard knock

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